Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: tiêu hóa, quanh phẫu thuật và ung thư có đáp án

Why are pressure garments worn after burns heal?

1. ATo prevent infection of the healed skin
2. BTo reduce raised, thick scarring
3. CTo keep the patient warm in winter
4. DTo hide the scars from other people

What is atelectasis?

1. AInfection of the surgical wound
2. BSwelling of both ankles caused by lying in bed after surgery
3. CCollapse of small air sacs in part of the lung
4. DA blood clot in a leg vein

What is dumping syndrome after gastric surgery?

1. ASlow emptying of the stomach causing food to stay for days
2. BReflux of bowel contents back into the oesophagus
3. CRapid passage of food from the stomach into the small bowel
4. DLeakage of bile from the liver into the abdominal cavity

Why are patients with large burns at risk of hypothermia?

1. ABurns always cause a low thyroid hormone level in the blood
2. BTheir metabolism stops after the injury
3. CLoss of skin reduces their ability to keep in heat
4. DThe fluids given are always chilled

Which complication is more typical of Crohn's disease than of ulcerative colitis?

1. AInflammation limited to the rectal lining
2. BDisease that is cured by removing the colon
3. CFistulas between the bowel and other organs
4. DBleeding only from the rectum

Why is pethidine (meperidine) generally avoided for regular pain relief?

1. AIt can only be given by mouth
2. BA metabolite can build up and cause seizures
3. CIt has no pain-relieving effect at all in adults
4. DIt always causes severe diarrhoea

A patient with a leg ulcer has an ABPI of 0,5. The doctor's plan mentions starting strong compression bandages. What should the nurse do?

1. AApply compression but only at night
2. BApply the strongest compression to speed healing
3. CWithhold strong compression and discuss urgent vascular referral
4. DApply compression and elevate the leg above the heart all day

Which preoperative task can a registered nurse usually delegate to a healthcare assistant (nursing assistant)?

1. AAssessing the patient's understanding of the surgery
2. BTeaching the patient how to use a PCA pump
3. CDeciding whether abnormal results need reporting
4. DRecording baseline vital signs