Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: tiêu hóa, quanh phẫu thuật và ung thư có đáp án

What is an incisional hernia?

1. AA bulge through a weakened surgical scar
2. BA bulge of stomach through the diaphragm
3. CA pouch in the wall of the colon
4. DA swelling in the groin present from birth

What does a faecal immunochemical test (FIT) detect?

1. AParasites and their eggs in the stool
2. BBacteria that cause food poisoning
3. CHidden human blood in the stool
4. DFat in the stool from poor absorption

What is abdominal paracentesis?

1. ARemoval of the gallbladder through several small abdominal incisions
2. BInjection of dye into a vein in the arm
3. CA camera test of the lining of the large bowel
4. DDraining fluid from the abdominal cavity with a needle or drain

Which measure helps reduce the risk of delirium in an older surgical patient?

1. AMoving them to a new bed space each night to reduce boredom
2. BMaking sure they have their glasses and hearing aids
3. CKeeping the room dark during the day
4. DGiving a sleeping tablet every night

Which is a recognised cause of anaphylaxis during surgery?

1. AThe patient's own blood from cell salvage
2. BChlorhexidine skin preparation
3. CSterile normal saline
4. DA warmed blanket

Vai trò của hạn chế natri và spironolactone trong xơ gan là gì?

1. ATăng mất kali và phòng tăng kali máu
2. BGiảm ammoniac máu và điều trị bệnh não
3. CGiảm giữ natri và nước và kiểm soát cổ trướng
4. DTăng huyết áp và cải thiện lưu lượng máu thận

During burn resuscitation, a 70 kg adult's urine output has been 120 mL/h for 3 hours, and the face and limbs are very oedematous. What should the nurse do?

1. AStop all IV fluids completely and remove the catheter
2. BIncrease the fluid rate to keep the output high
3. CGive a diuretic without discussing it
4. DDiscuss reducing the fluid rate with the team

An incontinent patient has diffuse, shiny, red and broken skin in the natal cleft and buttocks with irregular edges, not over a bony prominence. What is most likely?

1. AA full-thickness burn
2. BIncontinence-associated dermatitis
3. CA category 4 pressure ulcer over the sacrum
4. DAn arterial ulcer caused by poor circulation