Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: tiêu hóa, quanh phẫu thuật và ung thư có đáp án

What is steatorrhoea?

1. ABlack stools caused by taking iron tablets each day
2. BBright red blood mixed in with the stool on most days
3. CPale, greasy, foul-smelling stools that may float
4. DVery hard, pellet-like stools

Phục hồi sau phẫu thuật tăng cường (ERAS) là gì?

1. AQuy tắc bệnh nhân phải nằm giường ba ngày
2. BMột lộ trình chăm sóc giúp bệnh nhân hồi phục nhanh hơn sau phẫu thuật
3. CMột kỹ thuật mổ không cần gây mê chút nào
4. DMột phương pháp cho mọi thuốc qua đường tĩnh mạch

Vì sao bệnh nhân được yêu cầu nhịn ăn trước gây mê toàn thân?

1. AĐể giảm nguy cơ hít sặc chất trong dạ dày
2. BĐể giảm chảy máu trong cuộc mổ
3. CĐể giữ đường huyết cao hơn bình thường
4. DĐể ruột dễ quan sát hơn trên phim chụp

Why do patients usually have a dental review before radiotherapy to the head and neck?

1. ARadiotherapy can only be given once all the teeth have been removed
2. BTeeth block the radiation beam completely
3. CIt causes dry mouth and raises the risk of decay and jaw damage
4. DThe dentist gives the radiotherapy

Which is a recognised cause of anaphylaxis during surgery?

1. AThe patient's own blood from cell salvage
2. BSterile normal saline
3. CA warmed blanket
4. DChlorhexidine skin preparation

A patient had an upper GI endoscopy with a local anaesthetic throat spray. What must the nurse check before giving a drink?

1. AThat bowel sounds are present in all four quadrants
2. BThat the patient has passed urine since the procedure
3. CThat swallowing and the gag reflex have returned
4. DThat the patient's blood glucose is above normal

Four hours after surgery, a catheterised patient's urine output has been 10 mL/h for two hours. Vital signs are stable. What should the nurse check first?

1. AWhether the patient wants a cup of tea
2. BThat the catheter and tubing are not kinked or blocked
3. CThe time the patient last ate
4. DYesterday's chest X-ray and blood gas results

A patient with a sacral pressure ulcer keeps sliding down the bed when the head is raised high. Which advice best reduces shear?

1. ASit the patient upright without any support for the feet
2. BKeep the head of the bed at or below 30° if possible; use slide sheets
3. CRaise the head of the bed to 90° and pull the patient up the bed by the arms
4. DUse a dry sheet and drag the patient up the bed