Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: tiêu hóa, quanh phẫu thuật và ung thư có đáp án

What is a skin graft donor site?

1. AA blood vessel used to give fluids
2. BA wound where healthy skin was taken for grafting
3. CA scar that has fully matured
4. DThe area where the graft was placed on the burn wound

Which electrolyte typically falls in refeeding syndrome?

1. ACalcium
2. BSodium
3. CChloride
4. DPhosphate

What does black tissue in a wound bed usually indicate?

1. ANecrotic (dead) tissue
2. BNew epithelial cells
3. CHealthy granulation tissue
4. DNormal blood clot from a fresh cut

Vì sao bỏng nông (chỉ đỏ, như cháy nắng) không được tính khi tính diện tích bỏng cho hồi sức dịch?

1. AHàng rào da còn nguyên, nên mất ít dịch
2. BChúng gây mất dịch nhiều hơn mọi độ sâu khác
3. CChúng luôn lành hoàn toàn trong một ngày
4. DChúng luôn quá nhỏ để đo chính xác trên biểu đồ

Why are patients with diabetes often placed early on the operating list?

1. ABecause their wounds heal faster in the morning
2. BBecause they need to go home before midday
3. CTo shorten fasting and reduce swings in blood glucose
4. DBecause their surgery always takes longer than others

Which statement about pain in older adults is correct?

1. AOpioids must never be used in people over 70
2. BPain is a normal part of ageing and does not need any treatment at all
3. COlder adults feel less pain because nerves wear out
4. DThey may under-report pain, so active assessment is needed

Four patients from a house fire arrive in the emergency department. Which should the nurse assess first?

1. APartial-thickness burns to both legs, with pain rated 8/10
2. BCircumferential chest burns, with breathing becoming shallow and laboured
3. CRedness on the backs of both hands, and very anxious
4. DA blistered forearm burn and a small cut on the knee

A patient's ileostomy output is 2,5 L a day. They feel tired and dizzy and are drinking large amounts of water. Which advice is usually appropriate?

1. AEat only fruit and fruit juice
2. BDrink even more plain water and tea to replace the losses
3. CStop all drinking for 24 hours
4. DLimit plain drinks and use an oral rehydration solution