Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: tiêu hóa, quanh phẫu thuật và ung thư có đáp án

Dịch nào thường dùng cho hồi sức bỏng ban đầu ở người lớn?

1. AHartmann (lactated Ringer)
2. BNước cola có ga đường uống
3. CNước cất pha tiêm, truyền tĩnh mạch
4. DDung dịch glucose 50% tĩnh mạch

Which sign suggests acute cholecystitis?

1. APain that stops a deep breath when the right upper abdomen is pressed
2. BPain in the left lower abdomen when the right side is pressed
3. CBruising around the umbilicus and over both flanks of the abdomen
4. DA flapping tremor of the hands when the arms are held out

Which statement about hepatitis C is correct?

1. AIt is spread mainly through blood, and there is no vaccine
2. BIt can be treated only with a liver transplant
3. CIt is spread mainly by food, and a vaccine is given to babies
4. DIt always clears by itself within two weeks

Which is correct when caring for a patient with a PICC line?

1. AAvoid taking blood pressure on the arm with the line
2. BUse the PICC arm for heavy lifting to keep it flexible
3. CLeave the external length unchecked once it is placed
4. DFlush the line only when it blocks

Mục đích của khoảng thời gian khóa (lockout) trên bơm PCA là gì?

1. AKhóa bơm để không thay được ống tiêm
2. BNgăn bệnh nhân nhận bất kỳ liều nào vào ban đêm
3. CBắt bệnh nhân chờ một ngày giữa các liều lớn
4. DNgăn một liều mới trước khi liều trước phát huy tác dụng

Which measure helps reduce the risk of delirium in an older surgical patient?

1. AMaking sure they have their glasses and hearing aids
2. BKeeping the room dark during the day
3. CGiving a sleeping tablet every night
4. DMoving them to a new bed space each night to reduce boredom

After forearm fracture surgery, a patient has severe pain not eased by opioids, made worse by passively moving the fingers. What should the nurse do?

1. ARaise the arm as high as possible and give a further dose of opioid
2. BReassure the patient that this pain is expected
3. CApply ice and a tighter bandage to reduce the swelling
4. DLoosen any tight dressing, keep the arm at heart level and escalate

A patient admitted for an elective general anaesthetic mentions that they ate a slice of toast 3 hours ago. What should the nurse do?

1. AInform the anaesthetist, as surgery may be delayed
2. BGive a large drink to wash the food through
3. CAsk the patient to try to vomit to empty the stomach
4. DSay nothing, since toast is a light food