Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: tiêu hóa, quanh phẫu thuật và ung thư có đáp án

Radiotherapy to the pelvis commonly causes which side effects?

1. ADiarrhoea and frequent, painful passing of urine
2. BDry mouth and changes in taste for many months afterwards
3. CHair loss from the scalp
4. DCough and breathlessness

What is a PEG tube?

1. AA feeding tube placed through the abdominal wall into the stomach
2. BA drain placed in the chest to remove air
3. CA catheter placed in a large vein for medicines
4. DA thin tube passed through the nose and down into the small bowel area

What is the main purpose of a surgical wound drain?

1. ATo feed the patient after surgery
2. BTo measure the patient's temperature
3. CTo give IV fluids and antibiotics straight into the wound bed
4. DTo remove fluid or blood that collects at the operation site

Which statement about corticosteroids in inflammatory bowel disease is correct?

1. AThey cure the disease after one course
2. BThey are the best long-term maintenance treatment
3. CThey are given only as a one-off injection
4. DThey are used to induce remission, not for maintenance

Aspirate from a nasogastric tube has a pH of 7. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive the medicines but not the feed
2. BDo not use it; re-test later or arrange an X-ray as per policy
3. CFlush with 50 mL of air and start the feed
4. DStart the feed slowly and watch the patient closely for coughing

Which measure helps reduce the risk of delirium in an older surgical patient?

1. AGiving a sleeping tablet every night
2. BKeeping the room dark during the day
3. CMoving them to a new bed space each night to reduce boredom
4. DMaking sure they have their glasses and hearing aids

Vì sao naloxone thường được cho theo liều nhỏ, lặp lại ở bệnh nhân sau mổ bị ức chế hô hấp do opioid?

1. AĐể phục hồi nhịp thở mà không gây đau nặng và hội chứng cai
2. BVì liều cao naloxone gây ức chế hô hấp
3. CĐể opioid tác dụng nhanh hơn và mạnh hơn
4. DVì liều lớn naloxone hoàn toàn không có tác dụng thêm

A category (stage) 4 pressure ulcer is now healing and shallower. How should it be documented according to standard guidance?

1. AAs a category 1 pressure ulcer now
2. BAs a fully healed ulcer that can be removed from the record
3. CAs a category 2 pressure ulcer now
4. DAs a healing category 4 pressure ulcer