Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: tiêu hóa, quanh phẫu thuật và ung thư có đáp án

Which drug reverses the effects of opioids?

1. AVitamin K
2. BProtamine
3. CFlumazenil
4. DNaloxone

Tác dụng phụ nào của opioid thường không giảm khi dùng tiếp?

1. ANgứa
2. BBuồn nôn và nôn
3. CAn thần
4. DTáo bón

What should patients usually be told about hair loss from chemotherapy?

1. AIt is usually temporary, and hair grows back afterwards
2. BIt happens with every type of cancer treatment, including surgery
3. CIt means the treatment is not working
4. DIt is always permanent with every drug

How does sucralfate help a peptic ulcer heal?

1. AIt speeds up emptying of the stomach
2. BIt blocks histamine receptors on parietal cells
3. CIt kills H. pylori in the stomach lining
4. DIt forms a protective coating over the ulcer base

Dysphagia that started with solids and now includes liquids, with weight loss, most suggests which cause?

1. AA narrowing such as an oesophageal tumour
2. BSimple anxiety about swallowing tablets
3. CNormal ageing of the swallowing muscles
4. DA dry mouth from drinking too little water

Dấu hiệu nào gợi ý viêm tụy cấp nặng có chảy máu vào mô?

1. AMóng tay đổi màu vàng
2. BBầm tím quanh rốn hoặc hai hông
3. CSưng môi, lưỡi và mặt
4. DPhát ban tím ở lòng bàn tay và bàn chân

A patient with small cell lung cancer is confused and drowsy. Sodium is 118 mmol/L and the urine is highly concentrated. Which complication is likely?

1. ADiabetes insipidus
2. BHypercalcaemia of malignancy
3. CSIADH
4. DTumour lysis syndrome

During preoperative assessment, a patient says their brother had a "very high fever" during an anaesthetic. What is the most important action?

1. AInform the anaesthetist, as malignant hyperthermia may run in the family
2. BReassure the patient that fevers after anaesthesia are always harmless
3. CRecord it as a family allergy to paracetamol
4. DGive paracetamol before surgery to prevent fever