Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: tiêu hóa, quanh phẫu thuật và ung thư có đáp án

What does a faecal immunochemical test (FIT) detect?

1. AParasites and their eggs in the stool
2. BBacteria that cause food poisoning
3. CHidden human blood in the stool
4. DFat in the stool from poor absorption

What is the basic idea of the WHO analgesic ladder?

1. AAlways start with the strongest opioid available and then reduce it slowly
2. BGive analgesia only when the patient asks for it
3. CStep up from non-opioids to weak, then strong, opioids as needed
4. DUse only one drug at a time, never in combination

Which non-invasive test is commonly used to detect Helicobacter pylori infection?

1. ASerum amylase test
2. BFaecal occult blood test
3. CUrea breath test
4. DLiver function tests

Which measure helps reduce the risk of delirium in an older surgical patient?

1. AGiving a sleeping tablet every night
2. BKeeping the room dark during the day
3. CMoving them to a new bed space each night to reduce boredom
4. DMaking sure they have their glasses and hearing aids

Which diet is usually recommended for a patient with cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy?

1. ANo food at all until the confusion settles
2. BNormal protein and enough calories, with a late-evening snack
3. CA very low-protein diet for the rest of their life to lower ammonia
4. DOnly clear fluids for several weeks

Which complication is more typical of Crohn's disease than of ulcerative colitis?

1. ABleeding only from the rectum
2. BDisease that is cured by removing the colon
3. CFistulas between the bowel and other organs
4. DInflammation limited to the rectal lining

Một bệnh nhân có catheter ngoài màng cứng sau phẫu thuật bụng có huyết áp 82/48 mmHg, mạch 70/phút và bàn chân ấm. Đã loại trừ chảy máu. Nguyên nhân nhiều khả năng nhất là gì?

1. ASốc phản vệ với thuốc tê
2. BPhong bế giao cảm do catheter ngoài màng cứng
3. CSốc giảm thể tích do mất máu
4. DSốc tim sau phẫu thuật

A patient with diabetes has a foot ulcer. A sterile probe touches bone at the base of the ulcer. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AVenous insufficiency
2. BA healing category 1 ulcer
3. COsteomyelitis
4. DSimple dry skin