Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: thần kinh, nội tiết và thận có đáp án

Why can a new arteriovenous fistula not be used straight away?

1. AThe vein needs weeks to enlarge and thicken
2. BThe stitches must be removed first
3. CThe artery must first grow back to its full size
4. DThe arm must be in plaster for a month

Which hormone do the alpha cells of the pancreatic islets make?

1. AInsulin
2. BAmylase
3. CGlucagon
4. DSomatostatin

What is the most common type of kidney stone?

1. AUric acid
2. BStruvite
3. CCalcium oxalate
4. DCystine

When a patient sticks out their tongue, it points to the right. Which nerve is affected?

1. AThe right facial nerve (VII)
2. BThe left trigeminal nerve (V)
3. CThe right hypoglossal nerve (XII)
4. DThe left hypoglossal nerve (XII)

A patient with advanced CKD asks how to manage indigestion. Which option should they avoid?

1. AEating smaller, more frequent meals
2. BRaising the head of the bed at night
3. CAvoiding large meals late in the evening
4. DMagnesium-containing antacids

A patient has a nephrostomy tube. Which finding needs urgent action?

1. ALight pink urine on the first day after insertion
2. BSteady urine drainage into the bag
3. CDrainage that stops suddenly with new loin pain
4. DA dry, intact dressing at the site

A nurse teaches a carer to give buccal midazolam for prolonged seizures. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will give it into the space between his gum and cheek."
2. B"I will call an ambulance if the care plan tells me to."
3. C"I will put something between his teeth so he does not bite his tongue."
4. D"I will write down the time the seizure started and the time I gave the dose."

Two days after a spinal cord injury, a patient has a swollen abdomen, no bowel sounds and is vomiting. What is most likely, and what is the nursing action?

1. AParalytic ileus, so keep nil by mouth and prepare for an NG tube
2. BNormal constipation, so give a large meal to stimulate the bowel
3. CA full bladder, so encourage oral fluids
4. DAn allergic reaction to food, so give an antihistamine