Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: thần kinh, nội tiết và thận có đáp án

Xét nghiệm đơn giản nào nên làm sớm ở mọi bệnh nhân nghi đột quỵ, vì kết quả bất thường có thể giả đột quỵ?

1. AQue thử nước tiểu
2. BBảng đo thị lực
3. CĐường huyết mao mạch
4. DLưu lượng đỉnh thở ra

Which classic triad is described in renal cell carcinoma, although few patients have all three?

1. APolyuria, thirst and weight loss with tiredness
2. BHaematuria, flank pain and a palpable mass
3. CFever, headache and a stiff neck
4. DDysuria, frequency and urgency

Dịch nào thường được truyền đầu tiên trong nhiễm toan ceton do đái tháo đường?

1. ANước cất pha tiêm tĩnh mạch
2. BĐồ uống có đường và nước đường uống
3. CNatri chloride 0,9% tĩnh mạch
4. DDung dịch glucose 50% tĩnh mạch

What is the main purpose of continuous bladder irrigation after a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)?

1. ATo measure the size of the bladder
2. BTo treat a urinary infection after the operation
3. CTo give the patient extra fluids
4. DTo stop blood clots from blocking the catheter

Why is an ACE inhibitor often given to a patient with diabetes and albumin in the urine?

1. AIt lowers the blood glucose to normal
2. BIt protects the kidneys and reduces albumin loss
3. CIt raises potassium to protect the heart
4. DIt stops the kidneys from passing so much urine at night

A patient with Addison's disease takes fludrocortisone as well as hydrocortisone. Why?

1. ATo replace the missing adrenaline
2. BTo replace the missing aldosterone
3. CTo lower the blood pressure
4. DTo treat a low thyroid hormone level

A patient with diabetic neuropathy has a hot, red, swollen foot that is barely painful. The skin is intact, and there is no fever. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AGout, which only needs pain relief
2. BAn acute Charcot foot, needing urgent offloading
3. CA sprained ankle that will settle with walking
4. DNormal swelling from standing too long

A nurse teaches a patient about peritoneal dialysis. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will weigh myself daily and record my fluid balance."
2. B"I will check my exit site every day."
3. C"I will wash my hands carefully before each exchange."
4. D"If the fluid is cloudy, I'll see if it clears next time."