Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: thần kinh, nội tiết và thận có đáp án

Why are patients with a spinal cord injury at very high risk of pressure injuries?

1. AThey cannot feel or move the body below the injury
2. BThey usually have a high fever for many weeks
3. CTheir blood sugar is always very high, which damages the skin
4. DTheir skin is thinner than other people's skin

Which hourly urine output is usually taken as the minimum acceptable for an adult?

1. AAbout 0,5 mL/kg per hour
2. BAbout 10 mL/kg per hour
3. CAbout 0,05 mL/kg per hour
4. DAbout 5 mL/kg per hour

Một bệnh nhân bị đột quỵ ảnh hưởng bên trái của não. Yếu liệt nhiều khả năng xuất hiện ở đâu?

1. AỞ cả hai chân nhưng không ở tay
2. BChỉ ở bên trái của mặt
3. CỞ bên trái của cơ thể
4. DỞ bên phải của cơ thể

Which picture fits anterior cord syndrome?

1. AArms much weaker than legs after a neck injury
2. BWeakness on one side and loss of pain sensation on the other side
3. CNormal movement but complete loss of position sense
4. DLoss of movement and pain sense, with position sense kept

Why is once-daily prednisolone usually taken in the morning with food?

1. ABecause food doubles the strength of the dose
2. BBecause it causes drowsiness and is safer to take during the day
3. CTo match the natural cortisol rhythm and protect the stomach
4. DBecause it cannot be absorbed at night

In the first trimester of pregnancy, why is propylthiouracil often preferred to carbimazole for hyperthyroidism?

1. ACarbimazole cannot cross into the mother's blood
2. BPropylthiouracil has no side effects at all
3. CPropylthiouracil works faster than any other drug
4. DCarbimazole has a higher risk of birth defects early on

A nurse teaches a patient with CKD and a high potassium about diet. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will use a salt substitute instead of ordinary salt."
2. B"I will check food labels for added salt when I go shopping."
3. C"I will keep bananas and dried fruit to a minimum."
4. D"I will boil my potatoes and throw away the water."

A 66-year-old smoker has had two episodes of painless red urine. Urine cultures are negative. Which plan is most appropriate?

1. AReassure him, because the blood has stopped
2. BAdvise more fluids and review in a year
3. CAnother course of antibiotics for a UTI
4. DUrgent referral for cystoscopy and imaging