Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: thần kinh, nội tiết và thận có đáp án

Kiểu thở nào điển hình của nhiễm toan ceton do đái tháo đường?

1. AThở sâu, nhanh (Kussmaul)
2. BThở chậm, nông
3. CThở nhanh, nông, hổn hển kèm ran rít
4. DThở Cheyne–Stokes

What is automated peritoneal dialysis?

1. AExchanges done overnight by a machine
2. BA single exchange done once a week
3. CDialysis that needs no fluid at all
4. DDialysis in hospital through an arm fistula

What does a complete spinal cord injury mean?

1. AAll vertebrae in the neck are broken
2. BThe patient can move but cannot feel below the injury
3. CNo movement or feeling below the injury, even in the sacral area
4. DThe spinal cord has been cut into two separate pieces

Which statement about the PSA blood test is correct?

1. AA normal result always rules out any prostate cancer
2. BIt is only raised in women with bladder cancer
3. CA raised result always means prostate cancer
4. DIt can be raised by benign problems as well as by cancer

For which patient would the nurse question an order for pioglitazone?

1. AA patient with asthma
2. BA patient with an allergy to latex
3. CA patient with heart failure
4. DA patient with hypothyroidism

A conscious patient with a glucose of 3,1 mmol/L (56 mg/dL) can swallow safely. Which is the best first treatment?

1. AGlucose tablets or a small glass of fruit juice
2. BA chocolate bar and a cup of tea with milk
3. CA glass of milk and two plain biscuits
4. DA dose of rapid-acting insulin with a sandwich

A patient with untreated end-stage kidney disease has chest pain that is worse lying flat and better sitting forward. A rub is heard over the heart. What is most likely?

1. AUraemic pericarditis, which usually needs urgent dialysis
2. BIndigestion from phosphate binders
3. CA stable angina attack, which needs only a nitrate spray and rest
4. DA rib fracture from coughing

Một bệnh nhân nghi đột quỵ đến sau hai giờ kể từ khởi phát. Đường huyết mao mạch là 2,4 mmol/L (43 mg/dL). Bước tiếp theo nên là gì?

1. ATiêu huyết khối ngay mà không kiểm tra thêm
2. BCho insulin tĩnh mạch để bảo vệ tế bào não
3. CĐiều trị đường huyết thấp và đánh giá lại các dấu hiệu thần kinh
4. DBỏ qua đường huyết vì không liên quan đến đánh giá đột quỵ