Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: thần kinh, nội tiết và thận có đáp án

What is exophthalmos?

1. ADrooping of one eyelid
2. BLoss of the outer eyebrows
3. CBulging of the eyes
4. DYellowing of the eyes

A patient with advanced CKD has a high potassium. Which foods are often limited?

1. AEgg whites, chicken and fish
2. BWhite rice, pasta and bread
3. CApples, berries and cabbage
4. DBananas, potatoes and oranges

What is an aura before a seizure?

1. AA lasting change in vision that is caused by long-term epilepsy
2. BA warning sensation, which is itself a small focal seizure
3. CThe confusion and sleepiness after a seizure ends
4. DA rash that appears after some antiepileptic drugs

Nhận định nào về insulin nền tác dụng kéo dài như glargine là đúng?

1. AĐược trộn với insulin tác dụng nhanh trong cùng một ống tiêm
2. BTrong đái tháo đường type 1, vẫn tiếp tục dùng ngay cả khi bệnh nhân không ăn
3. CCó đỉnh tác dụng rõ khoảng 30 phút sau tiêm
4. DChỉ tiêm sau bữa ăn lớn để bao phủ carbohydrate

What is the dexamethasone suppression test used for?

1. ATo help diagnose Cushing's syndrome
2. BTo measure kidney function
3. CTo check thyroid function
4. DTo diagnose diabetes insipidus

Why is all urine strained in a patient with suspected kidney stones?

1. ATo remove blood clots before testing
2. BTo catch the stone so it can be analysed
3. CTo measure the urine volume more accurately
4. DTo stop the stone from blocking the toilet

A drowsy patient's glucose meter shows "HI". What should the nurse do?

1. AGive glucose gel in case the reading is wrong
2. BRecord "normal" in the notes because no number appears
3. CTreat it as very high, check ketones and escalate
4. DAssume the meter is broken and recheck tomorrow

A patient with trigeminal neuralgia has lost weight and has poor oral hygiene. Which plan is most appropriate?

1. ATell the patient to stop brushing their teeth completely
2. BOffer soft, lukewarm food and advise chewing on the unaffected side
3. CAdvise very hot drinks to relax the facial nerves
4. DEncourage hard, crunchy foods to strengthen the jaw muscles