Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: thần kinh, nội tiết và thận có đáp án

A febrile patient has a rash that does not fade when a glass is pressed against it. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AHeat rash from a high temperature
2. BA simple viral skin rash
3. CAn allergic reaction to soap
4. DMeningococcal septicaemia

Tapping the cheek in front of the ear makes the facial muscles twitch. What is this sign called?

1. ABattle's sign
2. BKernig's sign
3. CChvostek's sign
4. DTrousseau's sign

Which classic triad is described in renal cell carcinoma, although few patients have all three?

1. AFever, headache and a stiff neck
2. BDysuria, frequency and urgency
3. CHaematuria, flank pain and a palpable mass
4. DPolyuria, thirst and weight loss with tiredness

A patient with myasthenia gravis wants to plan a busy day. Which advice fits the disease?

1. AAvoid rest periods, because rest makes the weakness worse
2. BDo demanding tasks in the morning or when the drug works best
3. CDo the hardest tasks in the evening when muscles are warmed up
4. DExercise to exhaustion so the muscles get stronger quickly

Một bệnh nhân dùng dapagliflozin (thuốc ức chế SGLT2) đang nôn, ceton máu 4,5 mmol/L nhưng đường huyết chỉ 11 mmol/L. Cần nghi ngờ điều gì?

1. AHạ đường huyết do nôn
2. BMột tác dụng phụ bình thường không cần xử trí
3. CTrạng thái tăng áp lực thẩm thấu tăng đường huyết
4. DNhiễm toan ceton đái tháo đường với đường huyết bình thường (euglycaemic DKA)

Why is propranolol given to a patient with hyperthyroidism?

1. ATo stop the thyroid gland from making any more hormones
2. BTo ease tremor and palpitations while other treatment starts
3. CTo destroy overactive thyroid tissue over a few weeks
4. DTo replace the hormone lost from the thyroid gland

A patient with SIADH is taught about a fluid restriction. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will count all drinks, including soup, in my daily total."
2. B"If I feel thirsty, I can drink as much water as I like."
3. C"I will weigh myself every morning."
4. D"I will report any headaches or confusion."

A nurse teaches a patient with Hashimoto's thyroiditis about levothyroxine. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will report palpitations or chest pain."
2. B"I will have regular blood tests to check my dose."
3. C"I will take the tablets at the same time each day."
4. D"I can stop the tablets once I feel back to normal."