Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: thần kinh, nội tiết và thận có đáp án

What is the main action of ADH (antidiuretic hormone)?

1. AIt makes the kidneys pass more water
2. BIt makes the kidneys keep potassium
3. CIt makes the kidneys reabsorb water
4. DIt makes the kidneys pass more glucose

In neurological charting, what does PERRLA stand for?

1. APupils equal, round, reactive to light and accommodation
2. BPain eased, resting, relaxed, lying awake
3. CPulse even, regular, rate low and adequate
4. DPatient eating, resting, reading, learning and alert at all times

Which symptoms are typical of diabetic peripheral neuropathy?

1. AA painful red, hot swollen big toe at night
2. BMorning stiffness of the small hand joints
3. CNumbness, tingling or burning in the feet
4. DPain in the calves that starts when walking

A patient has taken metformin for many years and now has tingling feet and a low haemoglobin. Which blood test is most relevant?

1. AVitamin B12 level
2. BThyroid antibodies
3. CBlood alcohol level
4. DSerum amylase

When the nurse squeezes the trapezius muscle, the patient brings a hand up above the collarbone towards the stimulus. Which GCS motor score is this?

1. A4, withdraws from pain
2. B6, obeys commands
3. C3, abnormal flexion
4. D5, localises to pain

A patient with migraine takes painkillers or triptans on most days and now has a headache almost every day. What is the likely problem?

1. AA brain tumour, which is almost certain
2. BMedication overuse headache
3. CNormal progress of migraine
4. DAn allergy to the painkillers

After a TURP, a patient on bladder irrigation has bladder spasms. The drainage has slowed and contains clots, and the bag holds less than the irrigant given. What should the nurse do first?

1. AGive an antispasmodic and recheck in four hours
2. BTurn off the irrigation and leave the catheter alone
3. CSuspect a clot in the catheter and follow the protocol
4. DEncourage the patient to strain to pass the clots

Sau phẫu thuật, một bệnh nhân bệnh Graves có thân nhiệt 39,8 °C, nhịp tim 160/phút, kích động và nôn. Bộ điều trị nào phù hợp nhất?

1. AHạ nhiệt, thuốc chẹn beta, thuốc kháng giáp, rồi iod và steroid
2. BHạn chế dịch và thuốc lợi tiểu quai để điều trị nhịp nhanh
3. CAspirin cho sốt và bác sĩ gia đình xem lại trong một tuần
4. DLevothyroxine và chăn ấm để làm dịu run lạnh