Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: thần kinh, nội tiết và thận có đáp án

Which side effect is common when starting a GLP-1 receptor agonist such as semaglutide?

1. AWeight gain
2. BA dry cough
3. CHair growth
4. DNausea

Tuyến nào sản xuất cortisol?

1. AVỏ thượng thận
2. BTủy thượng thận
3. CThùy sau tuyến yên
4. DTuyến giáp

Which equipment should be ready at the bedside of a patient on seizure precautions?

1. AA tongue depressor to place between the teeth
2. BWorking suction and oxygen
3. CA urinary catheter in case of incontinence
4. DWrist restraints to stop the limbs jerking

Why is once-daily prednisolone usually taken in the morning with food?

1. ABecause food doubles the strength of the dose
2. BTo match the natural cortisol rhythm and protect the stomach
3. CBecause it cannot be absorbed at night
4. DBecause it causes drowsiness and is safer to take during the day

Which approach helps most when talking to a patient with expressive aphasia?

1. AAvoid talking to them until their speech has recovered
2. BAsk questions that can be answered with yes, no or a gesture
3. CSpeak louder, because the patient cannot hear well
4. DFinish their sentences quickly to save them effort

Một bệnh nhân đột quỵ hiểu lời nói nhưng khó tìm từ và nói bằng những cụm ngắn, nặng nhọc. Đây là loại mất ngôn ngữ nào?

1. AMất ngôn ngữ diễn đạt (Broca)
2. BNói khó do yếu cơ mặt
3. CMất ngôn ngữ tiếp nhận (Wernicke)
4. DMất ngôn ngữ toàn bộ, không hiểu

A patient has frothy urine and marked leg swelling. Serum albumin is 18 g/L (1,8 g/dL), and BP is normal. The urine shows heavy protein but little blood. What is most likely?

1. AAcute pyelonephritis
2. BA urethral stricture
3. CNephritic syndrome
4. DNephrotic syndrome

A patient with trigeminal neuralgia has lost weight and has poor oral hygiene. Which plan is most appropriate?

1. AOffer soft, lukewarm food and advise chewing on the unaffected side
2. BEncourage hard, crunchy foods to strengthen the jaw muscles
3. CAdvise very hot drinks to relax the facial nerves
4. DTell the patient to stop brushing their teeth completely