Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: thần kinh, nội tiết và thận có đáp án

What is a suprapubic catheter?

1. AA small catheter used only once and then removed
2. BA tube placed into the kidney through the back
3. CA catheter passed into the bladder through the urethra
4. DA catheter put into the bladder through the abdomen

In primary hypothyroidism, what is the usual TSH result?

1. AHigh
2. BNormal
3. CLow
4. DUndetectable

Which nerve cells are damaged in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (motor neurone disease)?

1. AThe nerves of the autonomic system only
2. BUpper and lower motor neurons
3. CSensory nerves in the skin only
4. DThe optic nerves and retina

Why is good blood pressure control important in chronic kidney disease?

1. AIt cures chronic kidney disease
2. BIt raises the haemoglobin level in the blood
3. CIt slows the decline in kidney function
4. DIt lowers the blood glucose

Why should antiepileptic drugs not be stopped suddenly?

1. AStopping them suddenly causes a dangerous rise in blood pressure
2. BSudden withdrawal can trigger seizures, including status epilepticus
3. CStopping them suddenly causes permanent damage to the liver and kidneys
4. DThe drugs build up in the body and become toxic after stopping

Vì sao phải theo dõi sát kali khi truyền insulin tĩnh mạch cho DKA?

1. AInsulin không ảnh hưởng đến kali trong DKA
2. BInsulin phân hủy kali trong máu
3. CInsulin làm thận giữ kali, nên nồng độ sẽ tăng
4. DInsulin đưa kali vào tế bào, nên nồng độ có thể giảm nhanh

A 66-year-old smoker has had two episodes of painless red urine. Urine cultures are negative. Which plan is most appropriate?

1. AUrgent referral for cystoscopy and imaging
2. BReassure him, because the blood has stopped
3. CAdvise more fluids and review in a year
4. DAnother course of antibiotics for a UTI

During haemodialysis, a patient suddenly becomes breathless with chest pain, and air is seen in the line. What should the nurse do first?

1. AContinue the session and recheck in 30 minutes
2. BSpeed up the pump to clear the air into the patient
3. CClamp the lines and lay the patient left side down, head low
4. DSit the patient upright and give a drink of water