Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: thần kinh, nội tiết và thận có đáp án

What is sciatica?

1. APain that spreads down the back of the leg from an irritated nerve root
2. BCramp in the calf muscle after exercise, caused by low potassium levels
3. CPain in the front of the knee caused by arthritis
4. DStiffness of the hips in the morning

What is the lowest possible score on the Glasgow Coma Scale?

1. A1
2. B0
3. C5
4. D3

What does a complete spinal cord injury mean?

1. AThe spinal cord has been cut into two separate pieces
2. BThe patient can move but cannot feel below the injury
3. CNo movement or feeling below the injury, even in the sacral area
4. DAll vertebrae in the neck are broken

An 80-year-old with angina is diagnosed with hypothyroidism. How is levothyroxine usually started?

1. AAt a full dose from the first day
2. BOnly after the angina has been cured
3. CAs a single large weekly injection
4. DAt a low dose, increased slowly

A patient with a spinal cord injury can still feel a light touch around the anus. What does this show?

1. AThe patient has an injury of the brain, not the cord
2. BThe sensation is only a spinal reflex and has no real meaning for recovery
3. CThe injury is incomplete, which suggests a better chance of recovery
4. DThe injury is complete, and recovery is not possible

A patient is starting lamotrigine. Which teaching point is most important?

1. ATake it with a glass of grapefruit juice to improve its absorption
2. BDouble the dose if a seizure happens
3. CExpect an orange tint to tears and urine
4. DReport any skin rash promptly, especially in the first weeks

After a stroke, a patient suddenly cries or laughs at odd moments. They say they do not feel sad. Which response is most appropriate?

1. AAsk the doctor for a sedative to stop the outbursts
2. BIgnore it, because it shows that the patient is seeking attention from the staff
3. CTell the patient that crying will slow their recovery
4. DExplain that this is emotional lability after stroke and help the family understand

An older patient with a UTI is now confused, with a respiratory rate of 24/min, BP 88/50 mmHg and a pulse of 120/min. What should happen?

1. AEncourage oral fluids and wait for the urine culture
2. BStart sepsis care at once, with IV antibiotics and fluids
3. CGive oral antibiotics and recheck in four hours
4. DTreat the confusion with a sedative