Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: thần kinh, nội tiết và thận có đáp án

Which symptoms are typical of benign prostatic hyperplasia?

1. AA weak stream, hesitancy and passing urine at night
2. BBurning pain on passing urine with a high fever
3. CPainless red urine with clots and weight loss
4. DLeaking urine only when coughing or laughing

What happens in multiple sclerosis?

1. AThe immune system damages myelin in the brain and spinal cord
2. BA virus destroys the nerves in the arms and legs
3. CMotor nerve cells slowly die without any inflammation
4. DAntibodies block signals at the junction between nerve and muscle

Which mineral is needed to make thyroid hormones?

1. AZinc
2. BIodine
3. CCalcium
4. DIron

Which CSF result is most typical of bacterial meningitis?

1. AClear fluid with normal cells, glucose and protein
2. BBlood-stained fluid that clears in later tubes
3. CClear fluid, many lymphocytes, normal glucose and slightly raised protein
4. DCloudy fluid, many neutrophils, low glucose and high protein

An 82-year-old taking apixaban fell three weeks ago. Since then their family has noticed increasing confusion and headaches. Which condition is most likely?

1. AAcute extradural haematoma
2. BNormal ageing with mild memory loss
3. CChronic subdural haematoma
4. DSubarachnoid haemorrhage from an aneurysm

A patient has acute glomerulonephritis with oedema and high blood pressure. Which nursing care is most appropriate?

1. AGive large amounts of IV fluid
2. BCheck the weight once a week
3. CEncourage a high-salt diet to balance the fluids
4. DMonitor BP, fluid balance and daily weight

Một bệnh nhân nuôi ăn qua ống liên tục ban đêm được tiêm insulin tính theo bữa ăn. Lúc 02:00 ống bị tắc và ngừng cho ăn. Nguy cơ chính là gì và điều dưỡng nên làm gì?

1. ATăng đường huyết; cho ngay một liều insulin thêm
2. BKhông có nguy cơ; insulin chỉ được dự trữ đến khi cho ăn lại
3. CHạ đường huyết; kiểm tra đường huyết thường xuyên và theo kế hoạch bù glucose
4. DNhiễm toan ceton; ngừng mọi insulin đến sáng

A drowsy patient's glucose meter shows "HI". What should the nurse do?

1. AAssume the meter is broken and recheck tomorrow
2. BRecord "normal" in the notes because no number appears
3. CGive glucose gel in case the reading is wrong
4. DTreat it as very high, check ketones and escalate