Phiếu bài tập Điều dưỡng nhi khoa có đáp án

The nurse strokes the sole of a 6-month-old's foot and the toes fan out with the big toe extending. What does this mean?

1. AIt shows the baby is in pain
2. BIt is a sign of spinal cord compression
3. CIt shows brain damage and needs a scan
4. DIt is a normal finding at this age

By about what age does the Moro (startle) reflex normally disappear?

1. AAbout 4 to 6 months
2. BAbout 12 to 15 months
3. CAbout 2 to 3 years
4. DAbout 2 to 4 weeks

Which symptom is typical of scabies?

1. APainless red patches that slowly spread outward over months
2. BIntense itching, worse at night, with burrows between the fingers
3. CLarge blisters on the soles of the feet after walking
4. DDry, flaky scalp with dandruff but no itching

Which diet is usually advised for a child with nephrotic syndrome while there is oedema?

1. AA protein-free diet to rest the kidneys completely
2. BNo added salt
3. CA high-salt diet to replace losses in the urine
4. DA carbohydrate-free diet to reduce fluid retention

When is airway clearance (chest physiotherapy) best done for a child with cystic fibrosis?

1. ABefore meals, or well after eating
2. BOnly on days when the child has a fever
3. COnly at bedtime, lying flat after the evening meal
4. DStraight after a large meal, when the child has more energy

A 13-year-old has a concussion during a football match. What is the correct advice?

1. AContinue training as usual unless there was a loss of consciousness
2. BNo sport that day; return step by step once symptoms have gone
3. CAvoid all mental and physical activity, including school, for at least 2 months
4. DReturn to the match as soon as the headache improves

A child recovering from acute rheumatic fever with heart involvement asks why she needs regular penicillin for years. What is the best answer?

1. ATo reduce the joint pain that continues after the illness
2. BTo prevent new strep infections that could cause further attacks and more valve damage
3. CTo prevent common viral colds during the school year
4. DTo cure the heart valve damage that has already occurred and let the valves heal completely

Phát hiện nào ở trẻ có dẫn lưu não thất–ổ bụng cần theo dõi ngay?

1. ASẹo đã lành dọc đường đi của ống dẫn lưu
2. BCục nhỏ, mềm trên van không thay đổi
3. CĂn uống và chơi bình thường
4. DĐau đầu, nôn lặp lại và ngày càng lơ mơ