Phiếu bài tập Điều dưỡng nhi khoa có đáp án

Which congenital heart defect causes cyanosis?

1. AAtrial septal defect
2. BPatent ductus arteriosus
3. CSmall ventricular septal defect with a left-to-right shunt
4. DTransposition of the great arteries

Using the common 100–50–20 rule, what is the daily maintenance fluid requirement for a 10 kg child?

1. A500 mL per day
2. B2000 mL per day
3. C1000 mL per day
4. D1500 mL per day

Why is circumcision avoided in a baby boy with hypospadias?

1. AThe foreskin may be needed for the repair
2. BIt greatly increases the risk of urine infection in the first month
3. CBabies with hypospadias usually have a bleeding disorder
4. DThe urethral opening moves to the tip by itself if the foreskin is left

A child weighs 20 kg. Which minimum urine output suggests adequate kidney perfusion?

1. AAbout 2 mL per hour
2. BAbout 20 mL per hour
3. CAbout 5 mL per hour
4. DAny amount, as long as the child is drinking

Which advice about screen use reflects common paediatric guidance for children under about 18 months?

1. ABackground TV helps language development
2. BAvoid screen media, apart from video calls with family
3. CUp to 2 hours a day of educational TV programmes is beneficial for language
4. DScreens are fine as long as the volume is low

Which injury in an infant is most suggestive of physical abuse?

1. AA bruise on the shin of a walking toddler
2. BPosterior rib fractures
3. CA scraped knee in a 3-year-old
4. DA greenstick fracture of the forearm after a fall from a slide

A sexually active 17-year-old has no symptoms and asks why chlamydia testing is offered. What is the best answer?

1. AChlamydia can only be caught from shared towels and toilet seats
2. BTesting is required by law before any young person can see a nurse or doctor for any reason
3. CChlamydia often causes no symptoms but can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility
4. DChlamydia always causes severe pain, so testing is only a formality

Why is a pertussis (whooping cough) vaccine recommended during pregnancy?

1. AThe mother's antibodies cross the placenta and protect the baby in the first weeks of life
2. BIt protects the fetus from developing heart defects
3. CIt replaces the need for the baby's own pertussis vaccines
4. DIt prevents the mother from passing pertussis to the baby through breast milk