Phiếu bài tập Dược lý học có đáp án

What is the normal serum potassium range in adults?

1. A6,0–7,5 mmol/L
2. B135–145 mmol/L
3. C1,5–2,5 mmol/L
4. D3,5–5,0 mmol/L

Which of these is a live attenuated vaccine?

1. AInactivated influenza injection
2. BHepatitis B vaccine
3. CTetanus toxoid
4. DMMR (measles, mumps and rubella)

Which long-term side effect of phenytoin makes good oral hygiene especially important?

1. AExcess saliva production
2. BLoss of taste
3. COvergrowth of the gums (gingival hyperplasia)
4. DBlue-grey discoloration of the teeth and gums

Why is aspirin avoided in children and teenagers with viral illnesses such as flu or chickenpox?

1. AIt is linked to Reye's syndrome, which harms the liver and brain
2. BIt causes grey baby syndrome
3. CIt causes severe, permanent hearing loss in young children
4. DIt stops the vaccine from working

Why is a progestogen added to oestrogen in hormone replacement therapy for a woman who still has her uterus?

1. ATo lower the risk of blood clots to zero
2. BTo prevent breast cancer completely
3. CTo protect against endometrial hyperplasia and cancer
4. DTo reduce hot flushes much more than oestrogen alone can

Which adverse effect is a well-known risk of zidovudine?

1. ABone marrow suppression, especially anaemia
2. BGum overgrowth
3. COrange-red colouring of the urine and tears
4. DRed–green colour blindness

A patient took a large paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose 6 hours ago and feels well. Why is treatment still urgent?

1. AParacetamol overdose only causes harm if symptoms start in the first hour
2. BThe drug will cause kidney stones within a few hours
3. CLiver damage appears 1–3 days later, and early treatment works best
4. DThe patient is at risk of immediate respiratory arrest

A patient with heart failure on furosemide is also given metolazone, a thiazide-like diuretic. Which risk increases most?

1. ASevere hypokalaemia, hyponatraemia and dehydration
2. BSevere hypertension, tachycardia and fluid retention
3. CHypoglycaemia and weight gain
4. DHyperkalaemia and fluid overload