Phiếu bài tập Dược lý học có đáp án

Filgrastim, a granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), is given to:

1. AIncrease the production of neutrophils
2. BLower the white cell count in leukaemia
3. CStop bleeding from wounds
4. DIncrease the production of platelets

Which vasopressor is usually first-line for septic shock that persists after fluids?

1. ANoradrenaline (norepinephrine)
2. BGlyceryl trinitrate
3. CIsoprenaline (isoproterenol)
4. DAdenosine

What is the most common side effect of first-generation antihistamines such as diphenhydramine?

1. ADiarrhoea
2. BDrowsiness
3. CRaised blood pressure
4. DInsomnia

Why is a progestogen added to oestrogen in hormone replacement therapy for a woman who still has her uterus?

1. ATo protect against endometrial hyperplasia and cancer
2. BTo prevent breast cancer completely
3. CTo lower the risk of blood clots to zero
4. DTo reduce hot flushes much more than oestrogen alone can

Liều nạp được dùng để làm gì?

1. AĐể nhanh chóng đạt nồng độ huyết tương mục tiêu
2. BĐể giảm tác dụng phụ lúc bắt đầu điều trị
3. CĐể thử phản ứng dị ứng
4. DĐể làm chậm hấp thu thuốc

A patient receives lactulose for hepatic encephalopathy. Which finding shows that it is working?

1. ATen watery stools a day and a low serum potassium
2. BNo bowel movement for three days, with less confusion than before
3. CHigher blood ammonia with improved appetite
4. DBetter alertness and orientation, with two to three soft stools a day

A patient with an epidural infusion of local anaesthetic becomes hypotensive. What is the most likely mechanism?

1. AThe local anaesthetic causes a severe allergic reaction
2. BBlockade of sympathetic nerves causes vasodilation
3. CThe epidural catheter has caused heavy bleeding
4. DThe drug increases urine output and causes dehydration

A patient on heparin for 7 days has a platelet count that has fallen by more than half, and a new leg vein thrombosis. What is the most likely cause and the key action?

1. AWarfarin skin necrosis; switch from heparin to warfarin at once
2. BNormal dilution of platelets; continue and recheck in a week
3. CVitamin K deficiency; give vitamin K and continue heparin
4. DHeparin-induced thrombocytopenia; stop all heparin