1.Easy
What is a haploid cell?
- AA cell with an extra chromosome
- BA cell with no nucleus
- CA cell with two sets of chromosomes
- DA cell with one set of chromosomes
2.Easy
What is endocytosis?
- AReleasing material from the cell by fusing vesicles with the membrane
- BSplitting the cytoplasm after the nucleus divides
- CMoving water across the membrane by osmosis
- DTaking material into the cell by folding the membrane around it
3.Easy
Which four bases are found in DNA?
- AAdenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine
- BAlanine, thymine, glycine and cysteine
- CAdenine, uracil, guanine and cytosine
- DAdenine, thymine, glucose and cytosine
4.Medium
Which list puts these human energy sources in order from fastest to use to longest-lasting store?
- AGlycogen, then ATP, then fat
- BATP, then glycogen, then fat
- CFat, then glycogen, then ATP
- DATP, then fat, then glycogen
5.Medium
Drugs against fungal infections often cause more side effects than drugs against bacteria. Why?
- AFungi are much smaller than bacteria
- BFungal cells are eukaryotic, like human cells
- CFungi have no cell membrane for drugs to act on
- DFungi reproduce only by binary fission
6.Medium
Red-green colour blindness is X-linked recessive. A colour-blind woman (XᵇXᵇ) has children with a man with normal colour vision (XᴮY). What fraction of their sons is expected to be colour-blind?
- ANone
- BAll
- COne quarter
- DOne half
7.Hard
How does the CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing system find the right place to cut DNA?
- AIt binds only to the start codon of every gene
- BThe Cas9 protein cuts DNA at random sites
- CA guide RNA pairs with the matching DNA sequence
- DIt reads the amino acid sequence of the protein
8.Hard
A patient breathes very slowly, so carbon dioxide builds up in the blood. What happens to the blood pH, and why?
- AIt rises, because CO₂ removes hydrogen ions
- BIt stays the same, because CO₂ does not dissolve in blood
- CIt falls, because CO₂ forms carbonic acid in the blood
- DIt rises, because CO₂ is a base
Answer key
- 1. D · A cell with one set of chromosomes
- 2. D · Taking material into the cell by folding the membrane around it
- 3. A · Adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine
- 4. B · ATP, then glycogen, then fat
- 5. B · Fungal cells are eukaryotic, like human cells
- 6. B · All
- 7. C · A guide RNA pairs with the matching DNA sequence
- 8. C · It falls, because CO₂ forms carbonic acid in the blood
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