Biology for nursing entrance exams worksheet with answers

Which statement describes bacteria?

1. AThey are not cells but particles of protein and DNA
2. BThey are single-celled prokaryotes
3. CThey are single-celled eukaryotes with a nucleus
4. DThey are many-celled organisms like plants

What is the main material in the cell wall of bacteria?

1. AChitin
2. BKeratin
3. CPeptidoglycan
4. DCellulose

Where is most of the DNA of a eukaryotic cell found?

1. AIn the nucleus
2. BIn the cell membrane
3. CIn the lysosomes
4. DIn the cell wall

During which division of meiosis do homologous chromosomes separate?

1. AMeiosis I
2. BMeiosis II
3. CBoth meiosis I and meiosis II
4. DNeither, because they separate in mitosis

Why can DNA profiling (fingerprinting) identify individual people?

1. ARepeated non-coding DNA regions vary in length between people
2. BEvery person has a different number of chromosomes in their cells
3. CDNA in blood differs from DNA in skin
4. DEach person's genes code for different amino acids

What decides the shape and function of a protein?

1. AThe number of phosphate groups it carries
2. BThe order of fatty acids in the membrane
3. CThe amount of glucose in the cell
4. DThe sequence of its amino acids

An old idea says giraffes got long necks because each one stretched to reach leaves and passed the longer neck to its young. Why is this idea rejected?

1. ANeck length is not affected by any genes
2. BGiraffes do not eat leaves from tall trees, so stretching is not needed
3. CChanges acquired in a lifetime are not passed on in the genes
4. DOnly plants can pass on traits to offspring

Why are mutations in mitochondrial DNA passed on only from mothers to their children?

1. AMitochondrial DNA is on the X chromosome
2. BOnly women have mitochondria in their cells
3. CSperm cells contain no DNA at all
4. DThe zygote's mitochondria come from the egg