Biology for nursing entrance exams worksheet with answers

What is an ecosystem?

1. AA single organism together with all of its organs and tissues
2. BThe weather in a particular region
3. CAll the members of one species in an area
4. DThe living things in an area and their non-living surroundings

Which organelle makes lipids and helps break down drugs and toxins in liver cells?

1. ARough endoplasmic reticulum
2. BCentriole
3. CNucleolus
4. DSmooth endoplasmic reticulum

What is a eukaryote?

1. AAn organism made of a single cell without a nucleus
2. BAn organism whose cells have a nucleus
3. CAn organism that lives only in extreme heat
4. DA virus that infects animal cells

Two heterozygous parents (Aa × Aa) are crossed, and A is completely dominant. What is the expected phenotype ratio?

1. AAll dominant
2. B3 dominant : 1 recessive
3. C1 dominant : 2 intermediate : 1 recessive
4. D1 dominant : 1 recessive

Clostridium tetani grows in deep puncture wounds but is killed by oxygen. How is this bacterium described?

1. AAn obligate aerobe
2. BA facultative anaerobe
3. CA photosynthetic bacterium
4. DAn obligate anaerobe

Which of these is part of the body's innate (non-specific) defence?

1. AAntibodies made after vaccination
2. BThe skin and stomach acid
3. CT cells that recognise one virus
4. DMemory B cells from an earlier infection

Cystic fibrosis is caused by a faulty CFTR protein, which forms a chloride channel in the cell membrane. Which process is directly affected?

1. AProduction of ATP in the mitochondria
2. BCopying of DNA in the nucleus
3. CDiffusion of oxygen molecules through the lipid bilayer
4. DMovement of chloride ions through a membrane protein

Which evidence supports the theory that mitochondria came from bacteria that lived inside an ancient cell?

1. AThey make the proteins used by the whole cell, including the nucleus
2. BThey are found in all prokaryotic cells
3. CThey have a cell wall made of peptidoglycan
4. DThey have their own circular DNA, ribosomes and a double membrane