1.Easy
What is the most reliable indicator of pain in a patient who can communicate?
- AThe patient's own report
- BThe patient's blood pressure
- CThe patient's heart rate
- DThe nurse's impression of their face
2.Easy
What is the normal pH range of arterial blood?
- A7.35–7.45
- B7.00–7.10
- C7.55–7.65
- D6.85–6.95
3.Easy
Which assessment should be done regularly after a limb is put in a plaster cast?
- ANeurovascular observations of the limb below the cast
- BVisual acuity test
- CPeak flow measurement
- DHearing test
4.Medium
Which features suggest pyelonephritis rather than simple cystitis?
- AFever, rigors and loin pain
- BCloudy urine with no other symptoms
- CMild burning on passing urine only
- DFrequency without any pain
5.Medium
Which lifestyle advice helps a patient with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease?
- AEat one very large meal a day rather than several small ones
- BAvoid large meals late in the evening and raise the head of the bed
- CLie down straight after each meal to let the food settle
- DWear tight belts to support the stomach
6.Medium
A patient's fluid balance chart shows intake of 1,200 mL and output of 2,300 mL over 24 hours. What does this indicate?
- AA balanced fluid status
- BA negative fluid balance of 1,100 mL
- CA positive fluid balance of 1,100 mL
- DA positive fluid balance of 3,500 mL
7.Hard
Why is a patient kept under observation for several hours after successful treatment of anaphylaxis?
- AThe patient must stay until all allergy tests are complete
- BSymptoms can return later in a biphasic reaction
- CAntihistamines cause dangerous drowsiness for 24 hours
- DAdrenaline always causes a heart attack hours later
8.Hard
Which set of findings best distinguishes cardiogenic shock from hypovolaemic shock?
- ACool, pale skin
- BTachycardia, hypotension and a weak, thready peripheral pulse
- CRaised jugular venous pressure and lung crackles
- DReduced urine output
Answer key
- 1. A · The patient's own report
- 2. A · 7.35–7.45
- 3. A · Neurovascular observations of the limb below the cast
- 4. A · Fever, rigors and loin pain
- 5. B · Avoid large meals late in the evening and raise the head of the bed
- 6. B · A negative fluid balance of 1,100 mL
- 7. B · Symptoms can return later in a biphasic reaction
- 8. C · Raised jugular venous pressure and lung crackles
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