Cognitive psychology worksheet with answers

The representativeness heuristic means judging the probability of something by:

1. AHow closely it resembles a typical example
2. BHow easily examples come to mind
3. CHow much time or money you have already invested in it
4. DThe first number you were given

Continuing to invest in a failing project because of the money already spent is called the:

1. AGambler's fallacy
2. BFraming effect
3. CAvailability heuristic
4. DSunk cost fallacy

Linking new information to things you already know, so it becomes meaningful, is called:

1. ARote repetition
2. BMaintenance rehearsal
3. CElaborative rehearsal
4. DDecay

The idea that the language you speak influences how you think and perceive the world is known as:

1. ALinguistic relativity
2. BSemantic priming
3. CPhonemic restoration
4. DUniversal grammar

People verify "A robin is a bird" faster than "A penguin is a bird". This finding supports:

1. AThe classical view that all members are equally good examples
2. BFeature integration theory
3. CThe multi-store model of memory
4. DPrototype theory and graded category membership

A patient can no longer form new long-term memories after brain surgery but remembers events from before the operation. This is called:

1. ARetrograde amnesia
2. BAnterograde amnesia
3. CDissociative amnesia
4. DInfantile amnesia

A participant solves anagrams faster after seeing related words briefly, without being aware of them. This is an example of:

1. APriming
2. BChunking
3. CInterference
4. DRehearsal

In Luchins' water jar problems, after solving several problems with the formula B − A − 2C, many participants kept using it even when a simpler solution (A − C) worked. This shows:

1. AProactive interference in short-term memory
2. BSudden insight into the structure of the problem
3. CA mental set (Einstellung) that hides simpler solutions
4. DFunctional fixedness about what the jars can be used for