Cognitive psychology worksheet with answers

Functional fixedness is the tendency to:

1. AForget the purpose of an object after a delay
2. BRemember objects better than words
3. CSee an object only in terms of its usual use
4. DSolve every problem with the same algorithm

An algorithm, in the psychology of problem solving, is:

1. AA sudden flash of understanding about a problem
2. BA step-by-step procedure that guarantees a solution
3. CA mental picture of how the problem looks
4. DA quick rule of thumb that usually works well enough

Declarative memory, which can be consciously recalled and put into words, is also called:

1. AExplicit memory
2. BImplicit memory
3. CSensory memory
4. DMotor memory

The serial position effect predicts that items in a list are recalled best when they are:

1. AIn the middle of the list
2. BOnly at the beginning of the list
3. CAt the beginning and end of the list
4. DRandomly placed, whatever the length of the list

Which statement best describes top-down processing in perception?

1. AExpectations and knowledge shape how we interpret sensory input
2. BPerception happens without any involvement of memory
3. CPerception is built only from the raw features of the incoming stimulus
4. DOnly the lower parts of the visual field are processed

"All mammals breathe air. Whales are mammals. Therefore whales breathe air." This is an example of:

1. AInductive reasoning
2. BThe availability heuristic
3. CAnalogical reasoning
4. DDeductive reasoning

The framing effect is demonstrated when people:

1. ARemember the frame of a picture better than its content
2. BIgnore all numerical information
3. CRecall information better in the same room
4. DChoose differently between identical options described as gains or as losses

Moray found that people often noticed their own name in the unattended ear during shadowing. Why was this a problem for Broadbent's filter model?

1. AIt shows some unattended input is analysed for meaning
2. BIt proves that both ears are always attended to equally
3. CIt shows that people cannot shadow at all
4. DIt shows names are stored in iconic memory