Cognitive psychology worksheet with answers

Knowing the usual order of events when eating at a restaurant (being seated, ordering, eating, paying) is called a:

1. AScript
2. BHeuristic
3. CPrototype
4. DPhoneme

The tendency to search for information that supports what we already believe is called:

1. AHindsight bias
2. BConfirmation bias
3. CFundamental attribution error
4. DAnchoring

Believing that after five tails in a row a fair coin is "due" to land heads is the:

1. AHindsight bias
2. BGambler's fallacy
3. CEndowment effect
4. DSunk cost fallacy

In dual-process theory, which task most clearly requires System 2 thinking?

1. ARecognising a friend's face
2. BReading a large familiar word on a road sign
3. CNoticing that a sound is loud
4. DWorking out 17 × 24 in your head

A friend walking away from you does not seem to shrink, even though their image on your retina gets smaller. This is called:

1. AFigure–ground organisation
2. BSize constancy
3. CShape constancy
4. DLinear perspective

Encoding specificity means that recall is best when:

1. AInformation is learned in one long session
2. BThe material is learned in a noisy room
3. CThe context at retrieval matches the context at learning
4. DLearning happens just before sleep only

Which finding supports a reconstructive view of memory (Bartlett)?

1. AShort-term memory holds about seven items
2. BPeople can recall long lists of digits perfectly
3. CPeople retelling an unfamiliar story change it to fit their own culture
4. DMemories of emotional events never change

H.M. practised mirror drawing over several days. His performance improved steadily, yet each day he said he had never done the task before. What does this show?

1. AH.M. was only pretending not to remember the sessions
2. BMirror drawing depends mainly on the hippocampus
3. CSkills can be learned without remembering the practice
4. DHis improvement came from rehearsal in short-term memory