Cognitive psychology worksheet with answers

Generating many different possible uses for a brick is an example of:

1. ADivergent thinking
2. BConvergent thinking
3. CFunctional fixedness
4. DDeductive reasoning

In categorisation research, a prototype is:

1. AThe first example of a category that a child learns in early life
2. BThe most typical member or average example of a category
3. CA rare and unusual member of a category
4. DA strict list of features every member must have

An algorithm, in the psychology of problem solving, is:

1. AA step-by-step procedure that guarantees a solution
2. BA sudden flash of understanding about a problem
3. CA quick rule of thumb that usually works well enough
4. DA mental picture of how the problem looks

Which statement best describes top-down processing in perception?

1. AExpectations and knowledge shape how we interpret sensory input
2. BOnly the lower parts of the visual field are processed
3. CPerception happens without any involvement of memory
4. DPerception is built only from the raw features of the incoming stimulus

In Collins and Quillian's hierarchical network model, why does "A canary is an animal" take longer to verify than "A canary is a bird"?

1. AMore levels must be travelled to reach "animal"
2. BCanaries are rated as untypical members of "animal"
3. CThe sentence contains more letters to read
4. D"Animal" is a longer and less frequent word than "bird"

Lists of similar-sounding letters (B, G, V, T) are harder to recall immediately than dissimilar letters (F, K, Y, W). This suggests short-term memory:

1. AMainly codes information by meaning
2. BMainly codes verbal information acoustically
3. CHas unlimited capacity for letters
4. DStores letters mainly as visual images of their shapes

Evidence that short-term and long-term memory are separate stores comes from patients who:

1. ALose all memories after a mild headache
2. BShow the same recall for all list positions
3. CHave impaired long-term learning but normal digit span, and others with the opposite pattern
4. DRemember everything equally well

The framing effect is demonstrated when people:

1. ARemember the frame of a picture better than its content
2. BChoose differently between identical options described as gains or as losses
3. CRecall information better in the same room
4. DIgnore all numerical information