1.Easy
The European Convention on Human Rights is enforced by:
- AThe International Court of Justice in The Hague
- BThe European Parliament
- CThe European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg
- DThe Court of Justice of the European Union in Luxembourg
2.Easy
A referendum is:
- AA direct vote by the electorate on a particular question
- BAn election of members of parliament
- CA decision of the constitutional court
- DA vote of no confidence in the government by members of parliament
3.Easy
Individual ministerial responsibility means that a minister:
- ACan be removed from office by the courts
- BMust personally approve every decision of their department
- CIs personally liable to pay damages for errors made by their civil servants
- DIs accountable to Parliament for their department and personal conduct
4.Medium
Which ground of judicial review applies when a decision-maker ignores a relevant consideration?
- AIllegality
- BNone, because courts never review considerations
- CProcedural impropriety only
- DLegitimate expectation only
5.Medium
In the Factortame litigation, while the UK was an EU member, the House of Lords:
- ADeclared the European Communities Act 1972 invalid
- BHeld that EU law could never limit Acts of Parliament
- CDisapplied parts of an Act of Parliament that conflicted with EU law
- DReferred the matter to the European Court of Human Rights
6.Medium
After Burmah Oil v Lord Advocate held that compensation was due for property destroyed during the war, Parliament passed the War Damage Act 1965, which:
- ARequired the courts to hear the case again
- BWas struck down by the courts
- CIncreased the compensation payable
- DRemoved the right to compensation retrospectively
7.Hard
A health authority moves a severely disabled woman into a care home after promising it would be her "home for life", then decides to close it. In R v North and East Devon HA, ex p Coughlan:
- AThe promise was void because the authority had no statutory power to make it
- BOnly a fair consultation was required
- CFrustrating her substantive legitimate expectation was an abuse of power
- DThe promise could be broken whenever policy changed
8.Hard
In Madzimbamuto v Lardner-Burke, the Privy Council held that the UK Parliament could still legislate for Southern Rhodesia because:
- ARhodesia had become fully independent
- BA convention that it would not do so did not limit its legal power
- CThe convention was legally binding but had been waived by Rhodesia
- DRhodesia had consented to the legislation
Answer key
- 1. C · The European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg
- 2. A · A direct vote by the electorate on a particular question
- 3. D · Is accountable to Parliament for their department and personal conduct
- 4. A · Illegality
- 5. C · Disapplied parts of an Act of Parliament that conflicted with EU law
- 6. D · Removed the right to compensation retrospectively
- 7. C · Frustrating her substantive legitimate expectation was an abuse of power
- 8. B · A convention that it would not do so did not limit its legal power
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