1.Easy
The Salisbury convention in the UK means that the House of Lords:
- ADoes not block government bills carrying out manifesto commitments
- BMust approve all money bills within one week
- CMay permanently veto bills that alter the constitution of the United Kingdom
- DElects the Speaker of the House of Commons
2.Easy
The European Convention on Human Rights was drawn up within:
- AThe Council of Europe
- BNATO
- CThe European Union
- DThe United Nations
3.Easy
A constitutional monarchy is one in which the monarch:
- AIs head of state but acts within constitutional limits, mostly on ministers' advice
- BHolds all legislative and executive power personally, and ministers merely advise on request
- CLeads the governing political party
- DIs elected by parliament every five years
4.Medium
Under Porter v Magill, the test for apparent bias asks whether:
- AThe decision-maker was actually biased
- BA fair-minded and informed observer would conclude there was a real possibility of bias
- CThe claimant personally and reasonably believed that the decision-maker had been biased against them
- DThe decision-maker had ever met any party
5.Medium
Under section 2 of the UK Human Rights Act 1998, UK courts must, when deciding Convention rights questions:
- AIgnore Strasbourg case law
- BFollow every relevant Strasbourg judgment strictly, as binding precedent
- CTake into account judgments of the European Court of Human Rights
- DRefer all questions to Strasbourg
6.Medium
In R v Home Secretary, ex p Fire Brigades Union, the House of Lords held the minister acted unlawfully by:
- ARefusing to consult the fire brigades
- BBringing a statute into force too quickly
- CUsing the prerogative to set up a scheme inconsistent with a statutory scheme not yet in force
- DBringing the statutory scheme into force without first consulting the bodies that would be affected by it
7.Hard
The legitimate expectation doctrine protects individuals when:
- AA public body made a clear promise or established practice that it then seeks to depart from unfairly
- BA minister speaks in Parliament
- CAny person hopes for a favourable decision
- DA contract with the government exists and the public body later fails to perform its contractual obligations
8.Hard
A prison policy requires prisoners to be absent while officers search their cells, including their legal correspondence. In R (Daly) v Home Secretary (2001), the House of Lords held:
- AThe blanket policy unlawfully interfered with legal professional privilege
- BThe policy was unlawful only for unconvicted prisoners held on remand awaiting trial
- CThe policy was lawful, as prisons need security
- DThe policy was lawful, as prisoners have no privacy
Answer key
- 1. A · Does not block government bills carrying out manifesto commitments
- 2. A · The Council of Europe
- 3. A · Is head of state but acts within constitutional limits, mostly on ministers' advice
- 4. B · A fair-minded and informed observer would conclude there was a real possibility of bias
- 5. C · Take into account judgments of the European Court of Human Rights
- 6. C · Using the prerogative to set up a scheme inconsistent with a statutory scheme not yet in force
- 7. A · A public body made a clear promise or established practice that it then seeks to depart from unfairly
- 8. A · The blanket policy unlawfully interfered with legal professional privilege
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