1.Easy
Article 14 of the European Convention on Human Rights prohibits discrimination:
- AIn every area of life, as a free-standing right
- BIn the enjoyment of the other Convention rights
- COnly by private employers
- DOnly on grounds of nationality
2.Easy
Under section 6 of the UK Human Rights Act 1998, it is unlawful for:
- AA private person to breach any Convention right
- BCourts to apply Acts of Parliament
- CParliament to pass any Act limiting rights
- DA public authority to act incompatibly with Convention rights
3.Easy
Which body adopts laws in a parliamentary democracy?
- AThe supreme court
- BThe legislature (parliament)
- CThe prime minister alone
- DThe police
4.Medium
Under the UK Human Rights Act 1998, if a court cannot read an Act compatibly with Convention rights, it can:
- AMake a declaration of incompatibility, leaving the Act in force
- BRefer the case to the European Court of Human Rights automatically
- COrder Parliament to amend the Act within a month
- DStrike down the Act immediately
5.Medium
After Burmah Oil v Lord Advocate held that compensation was due for property destroyed during the war, Parliament passed the War Damage Act 1965, which:
- AWas struck down by the courts
- BRemoved the right to compensation retrospectively
- CIncreased the compensation payable
- DRequired the courts to hear the case again
6.Medium
To bring a claim for judicial review in England and Wales, the claimant must have:
- AA sufficient interest in the matter
- BSuffered financial loss
- CPermission from the minister
- DA contract with the public body
7.Hard
The Venice Commission is:
- AA United Nations body that hears individual human rights complaints
- BAn Italian regional parliament
- CThe EU's highest court
- DThe Council of Europe's advisory body on constitutional law
8.Hard
In R (Privacy International) v Investigatory Powers Tribunal (2019), the Supreme Court held that an ouster clause protecting the Tribunal's decisions:
- AApplied only to decisions on national security
- BWas invalid because it was in secondary legislation
- CDid not exclude judicial review of its errors of law
- DExcluded all review of its decisions
Answer key
- 1. B · In the enjoyment of the other Convention rights
- 2. D · A public authority to act incompatibly with Convention rights
- 3. B · The legislature (parliament)
- 4. A · Make a declaration of incompatibility, leaving the Act in force
- 5. B · Removed the right to compensation retrospectively
- 6. A · A sufficient interest in the matter
- 7. D · The Council of Europe's advisory body on constitutional law
- 8. C · Did not exclude judicial review of its errors of law
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