1.Easy
In the UK, the royal prerogative is:
- AA set of powers conferred on the Prime Minister by the Constitutional Reform Act
- BThe right of judges to overrule Parliament
- CA set of powers of the Crown recognised by common law, not created by statute
- DThe monarch's personal right to veto any Act
2.Easy
A unitary state is one in which:
- AThere is only one political party
- BRegions have powers guaranteed by the constitution, which the centre cannot alter alone
- CThe head of state is also head of government
- DSovereign power is held at the centre, which may delegate powers to other levels
3.Easy
A constitutional monarchy is one in which the monarch:
- ALeads the governing political party
- BHolds all legislative and executive power personally, and ministers merely advise on request
- CIs head of state but acts within constitutional limits, mostly on ministers' advice
- DIs elected by parliament every five years
4.Medium
To bring a claim for judicial review in England and Wales, the claimant must have:
- ASuffered financial loss
- BPermission from the minister
- CA contract with the public body
- DA sufficient interest in the matter
5.Medium
In England and Wales, a claim for judicial review must generally be filed:
- AWithin one year
- BWithin six years
- CPromptly, and in any event within three months
- DAt any time
6.Medium
Under ECHR case law such as Sunday Times v UK, for a restriction to be "prescribed by law", the law must be:
- AContained in a single written statute passed by parliament
- BAdequately accessible and foreseeable in its effects
- CApproved by a referendum
- DOlder than the Convention
7.Hard
In Ireland v UK (1978), the European Court of Human Rights held that the "five techniques" used in interrogating detainees in Northern Ireland were:
- AInhuman and degrading treatment, but not torture
- BA breach of Article 5 only
- CTorture under Article 3
- DLawful because of the emergency
8.Hard
People buy TV licences early to avoid a fee increase, and the Home Office threatens to revoke them unless they pay the extra. In Congreve v Home Office, the court held:
- AUsing the revocation power this way was unlawful
- BThe minister could act for any purpose
- CThe revocation was lawful under the statute
- DLicence holders had no legal rights
Answer key
- 1. C · A set of powers of the Crown recognised by common law, not created by statute
- 2. D · Sovereign power is held at the centre, which may delegate powers to other levels
- 3. C · Is head of state but acts within constitutional limits, mostly on ministers' advice
- 4. D · A sufficient interest in the matter
- 5. C · Promptly, and in any event within three months
- 6. B · Adequately accessible and foreseeable in its effects
- 7. A · Inhuman and degrading treatment, but not torture
- 8. A · Using the revocation power this way was unlawful
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