Criminal law worksheet with answers

Which Act created the offences of fraud by false representation, failing to disclose information and abuse of position?

1. AThe Criminal Justice Act 1988
2. BThe Fraud Act 2006
3. CThe Serious Crime Act 2007
4. DThe Theft Act 1978

In criminal cases, the prosecution must usually prove guilt:

1. AOn the balance of probabilities
2. BWith at least three witnesses
3. CBeyond reasonable doubt
4. DWith a confession

Mens rea refers to:

1. AThe mental element of a crime
2. BThe victim's state of mind
3. CThe punishment for a crime
4. DThe physical act of a crime

Two adult friends agree to a fist fight in the street, and one breaks the other's nose. Following A-G's Reference (No 6 of 1980), consent is:

1. ANo defence, because a street fight causing actual bodily harm is not in the public interest
2. BA defence only if the fight was planned in advance
3. CRelevant only to the sentence and never to guilt
4. DA full defence, because both adults freely agreed to the fight and accepted the risk of injury

D takes V's bag and is seen; a few seconds later D ties V up to escape. Following R v Hale, D is guilty of robbery because:

1. AAppropriation is a continuing act, so the force was used at the time of the theft
2. BAny force used on the victim within an hour of the theft automatically turns it into robbery
3. CTying up a victim is robbery even without theft
4. DThe bag was later recovered by the police

"Dolus eventualis" (voorwaardelijk opzet) in Dutch criminal law means the defendant:

1. AWanted the consequence as their main goal and acted in order to bring it about
2. BActed entirely by accident
3. CDid not foresee the consequence at all
4. DKnowingly accepted the considerable chance that the consequence would occur

In R v Cunningham (1957), D tore a gas meter off a wall to steal money; gas leaked and poisoned a neighbour. The court held "maliciously" means:

1. AActing in a way that is against the law
2. BFailing to notice a risk an ordinary person would see
3. CActing with wickedness or ill will towards the victim, as in ordinary usage
4. DIntending the harm or foreseeing the risk of it and taking it anyway

In R v Hancock and Shankland (1986), striking miners pushed a concrete block onto a taxi, killing the driver. The House of Lords held:

1. AThe miners intended to kill because death was their aim
2. BForesight of a high probability of death or serious injury is conclusive proof of intention as a matter of law
3. CForesight of a high probability is evidence from which intention may be inferred, but is not intention itself
4. DIntention can never be inferred from foresight