1.Easy
In England and Wales, which body decides on charges in most serious cases and conducts public prosecutions?
- AThe Magistrates' Association
- BThe Home Office
- CThe Crown Prosecution Service
- DThe Law Commission
2.Easy
In English law, "voluntary manslaughter" refers to:
- AA killing caused by an unlawful and dangerous act, without intent to kill
- BA killing with the mens rea for murder where a partial defence applies
- CA killing that the victim consented to in advance
- DA killing caused by gross negligence at work
3.Easy
Which Act provides the statutory framework for reasonable force in self-defence and householder cases in England and Wales?
- AThe Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984
- BThe Sexual Offences Act 2003
- CThe Human Rights Act 1998
- DThe Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008
4.Medium
Duress as a defence is generally NOT available in English law to a charge of:
- ATheft
- BDrug possession
- CMurder
- DCriminal damage
5.Medium
"Dolus eventualis" (voorwaardelijk opzet) in Dutch criminal law means the defendant:
- AKnowingly accepted the considerable chance that the consequence would occur
- BActed entirely by accident
- CDid not foresee the consequence at all
- DWanted the consequence as their main goal and acted in order to bring it about
6.Medium
D throws a glass of beer over V intending only to wet her; the glass slips and cuts V. Following R v Savage, D's liability under section 47 OAPA requires:
- AForesight that at least some actual bodily harm would result from the assault
- BOnly the mens rea of assault or battery, with no foresight of harm needed
- CIntention to cause actual bodily harm
- DForesight that grievous bodily harm would be caused
7.Hard
Under the "transferred malice" doctrine, if A aims a blow at B but hits C:
- AA cannot be liable for harm to C because A had no mens rea at all in relation to C
- BA's intention towards B is transferred, so A can be liable for the harm to C
- CB becomes liable for the harm to C
- DA is only liable for attempted harm to C
8.Hard
In R v Windle (1952), the court interpreted "wrong" in the M'Naghten Rules to mean:
- AWrong according to the defendant's own beliefs
- BWrong in the eyes of a doctor
- CMorally wrong by society's standards
- DLegally wrong
Answer key
- 1. C · The Crown Prosecution Service
- 2. B · A killing with the mens rea for murder where a partial defence applies
- 3. D · The Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008
- 4. C · Murder
- 5. A · Knowingly accepted the considerable chance that the consequence would occur
- 6. B · Only the mens rea of assault or battery, with no foresight of harm needed
- 7. B · A's intention towards B is transferred, so A can be liable for the harm to C
- 8. D · Legally wrong
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