1.Easy
In English law, a common assault (in the narrow sense) is committed when the defendant:
- AActually applies unlawful force to the victim's body, however slight
- BDamages the victim's property
- CCauses the victim serious bodily harm
- DCauses the victim to apprehend immediate unlawful force
2.Easy
Under section 4 of the Theft Act 1968, which of these cannot normally be stolen?
- AA bicycle
- BLand
- CMoney
- DA bank balance
3.Easy
In English law, rape is defined in which statute?
- AThe Offences Against the Person Act 1861
- BThe Sexual Offences Act 2003
- CThe Protection from Harassment Act 1997
- DThe Criminal Justice Act 1988
4.Medium
D points a gun at his friend as a joke, both believing it will not fire. It fires and kills the friend. Following R v Lamb, there was no unlawful act manslaughter because:
- AJokes cannot be criminal under English law
- BThe death was caused by the gun malfunctioning, not by any act of D's
- CThere was no assault, since the friend did not apprehend any force
- DThe gun belonged to the friend
5.Medium
D puts poison in V's drink intending to kill her, but V dies of an unrelated heart attack before the poison works. D is guilty of:
- AMurder
- BNo offence at all
- CManslaughter
- DAttempted murder
6.Medium
The "thin skull" rule in criminal law means:
- AThe victim's injuries must be foreseeable in extent
- BOnly healthy victims are protected
- CThe defendant must take the victim as they find them
- DA frail victim breaks the chain of causation
7.Hard
In "Thabo Meli v R", the defendants beat the victim, believed him dead and threw him off a cliff, where he died of exposure. The court held:
- AThe victim's death was not caused by the defendants
- BThere was no murder because the mens rea existed only before the act that actually caused death
- CThe defendants were guilty only of attempted murder
- DThe series of acts formed one transaction, so actus reus and mens rea coincided
8.Hard
In R v Whybrow (1951), the court held that the mens rea of attempted murder is:
- AAn intention to kill only
- BRecklessness as to causing death
- CThe same as the mens rea of murder
- DAn intention to cause GBH
Answer key
- 1. D · Causes the victim to apprehend immediate unlawful force
- 2. B · Land
- 3. B · The Sexual Offences Act 2003
- 4. C · There was no assault, since the friend did not apprehend any force
- 5. D · Attempted murder
- 6. C · The defendant must take the victim as they find them
- 7. D · The series of acts formed one transaction, so actus reus and mens rea coincided
- 8. A · An intention to kill only
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