1.Easy
Which statute contains the main non-fatal offences against the person in England and Wales (ABH, wounding, GBH)?
- AThe Theft Act 1968
- BThe Criminal Damage Act 1971
- CThe Homicide Act 1957
- DThe Offences Against the Person Act 1861
2.Easy
In English law, a "wound" for section 20 OAPA 1861 requires:
- AAny visible bruise on the body
- BA break in both layers of the skin
- CA broken bone
- DLoss of consciousness
3.Easy
An "either-way" offence is one that:
- ACan lead either to prison or to a fine only
- BCan be prosecuted either by the CPS or by the victim as a private prosecutor
- CCan be tried in either the magistrates' court or the Crown Court
- DCan be committed either by act or by omission
4.Medium
D grabs V's handbag so forcefully that V's hand is pulled down. Following R v Clouden, this can be:
- AOnly battery, because the bag was not taken
- BOnly theft, because there was no direct contact with V's body
- CRobbery, because force was used on the person to steal
- DBurglary, because the bag was V's property
5.Medium
Two adult friends agree to a fist fight in the street, and one breaks the other's nose. Following A-G's Reference (No 6 of 1980), consent is:
- ANo defence, because a street fight causing actual bodily harm is not in the public interest
- BA defence only if the fight was planned in advance
- CA full defence, because both adults freely agreed to the fight and accepted the risk of injury
- DRelevant only to the sentence and never to guilt
6.Medium
D takes a college exam paper, reads it and returns it, planning to cheat. Following Oxford v Moss, D did not steal because:
- AD was a student at the college
- BThe paper itself was returned, so there was no intention to deprive
- CExam papers have no economic value
- DConfidential information is not property under the Theft Act
7.Hard
Which principle comes from DPP v Majewski (1977)?
- AVoluntary intoxication is no defence to crimes of basic intent
- BIntoxication can never be considered by a jury
- CInvoluntary intoxication is always a complete defence
- DDrunkenness reduces murder to manslaughter in every case
8.Hard
In R v Gullefer (1990), D ran onto a greyhound track to get the race declared void and recover his bet. The Court of Appeal held:
- AHis acts were merely preparatory, as he had not embarked on the "crime proper"
- BAttempt requires the last act before the crime
- CImpossibility gave him a complete defence
- DHe was guilty of attempted theft, as running onto the track was more than preparatory
Answer key
- 1. D · The Offences Against the Person Act 1861
- 2. B · A break in both layers of the skin
- 3. C · Can be tried in either the magistrates' court or the Crown Court
- 4. C · Robbery, because force was used on the person to steal
- 5. A · No defence, because a street fight causing actual bodily harm is not in the public interest
- 6. D · Confidential information is not property under the Theft Act
- 7. A · Voluntary intoxication is no defence to crimes of basic intent
- 8. A · His acts were merely preparatory, as he had not embarked on the "crime proper"
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