1.Easy
Under section 4 of the Theft Act 1968, which of these cannot normally be stolen?
- AA bicycle
- BLand
- CA bank balance
- DMoney
2.Easy
In criminal cases, the prosecution must usually prove guilt:
- AOn the balance of probabilities
- BWith at least three witnesses
- CWith a confession
- DBeyond reasonable doubt
3.Easy
In Dutch criminal law, "noodweer" (Article 41(1) Sr) is:
- AA form of preparation for committing a crime
- BAn excuse based on a strong emotional disturbance caused by an unlawful attack
- CA rule allowing police to stop and search people
- DA justification for necessary defence against an immediate unlawful attack
4.Medium
In English law, the test for dishonesty in theft is now set out in:
- AR v Cunningham
- BR v Ghosh
- CDonoghue v Stevenson
- DIvey v Genting Casinos
5.Medium
D makes repeated silent phone calls to V, causing her psychiatric illness. Following R v Ireland, D can be guilty of:
- AOnly a civil wrong, because no physical harm occurred
- BAn assault, as silent calls can cause apprehension of immediate force
- COnly harassment, because no force was used
- DNo offence, because words or silence can never amount to an assault in law
6.Medium
In English law, the mens rea of murder is:
- ASubjective recklessness as to causing death or serious harm
- BNegligence in causing death
- CIntention to kill or to cause grievous bodily harm
- DIntention to frighten the victim
7.Hard
In R v Dica (2004), D had sex with partners without telling them he was HIV-positive. The Court of Appeal held that:
- AD was guilty of murder, because HIV can kill
- BNon-disclosure always makes sex rape under English law
- CInformed consent to the risk of infection could be a defence to inflicting GBH under s20
- DConsent is never relevant to the transmission of disease, since s20 protects public health
8.Hard
In English law, the partial defence of loss of control reduces murder to:
- AAn acquittal
- BGrievous bodily harm
- CInvoluntary manslaughter
- DVoluntary manslaughter
Answer key
- 1. B · Land
- 2. D · Beyond reasonable doubt
- 3. D · A justification for necessary defence against an immediate unlawful attack
- 4. D · Ivey v Genting Casinos
- 5. B · An assault, as silent calls can cause apprehension of immediate force
- 6. C · Intention to kill or to cause grievous bodily harm
- 7. C · Informed consent to the risk of infection could be a defence to inflicting GBH under s20
- 8. D · Voluntary manslaughter
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