Developmental psychology worksheet with answers

Differences between age groups that are caused by growing up in different historical times are called:

1. ACeiling effects
2. BPractice effects
3. COrder effects
4. DCohort effects

Wariness or fear when an unfamiliar person approaches, typically appearing in the second half of the first year, is called:

1. AImprinting
2. BSocial referencing
3. CSeparation anxiety
4. DStranger anxiety

Noam Chomsky proposed that children have an innate "language acquisition device". This view emphasises:

1. ALearning language only through reinforcement
2. BBiological readiness to learn language
3. CLanguage as a product of formal schooling
4. DImitation as the only source of grammar

Kagan described some toddlers who are consistently shy, cautious and quiet with unfamiliar people and situations. This temperament is called:

1. ALearned helplessness
2. BIdentity diffusion
3. CDisorganised attachment
4. DBehavioural inhibition

Bandura's Bobo doll study demonstrated:

1. APunishment of a model always reduces children's aggression
2. BChildren only imitate other children
3. CChildren learn aggressive behaviour by observing adults
4. DAggression is purely genetic

Asked about the Heinz dilemma, a teenager says "Heinz should steal the drug because a good husband would do that for his wife". This reasoning is at Kohlberg's:

1. APre-conventional level
2. BConventional level
3. CPost-conventional level
4. DSensorimotor level

Dodge found that aggressive children are more likely to think a peer who bumped into them did it on purpose, even when the situation was ambiguous. This is called:

1. AImaginary audience bias
2. BHostile attribution bias
3. CSelf-serving bias
4. DThe personal fable

Japanese infants in early Strange Situation studies showed high rates of resistant attachment and very little avoidance. One common explanation is that:

1. AJapanese infants are genetically more anxious than infants elsewhere
2. BJapanese fathers did most of the caregiving in these families
3. CJapanese mothers in these samples were usually insensitive towards their infants
4. DThey were rarely separated from mothers, so the test was unusually stressful