1.Easy
Parents who are warm and affectionate but set few rules or demands show which style?
- AUninvolved
- BAuthoritarian
- CAuthoritative
- DPermissive
2.Easy
In Piaget's theory, which stage comes first?
- AFormal operational
- BPreoperational
- CSensorimotor
- DConcrete operational
3.Easy
Egocentrism in Piaget's preoperational stage means children:
- AOnly think about food
- BFind it hard to see things from another person's viewpoint
- CAre selfish and refuse to share their toys with other children
- DPrefer to play alone
4.Medium
Which ability is most likely to decline from early adulthood onwards?
- ASpeed in solving new, unfamiliar problems
- BKnowledge of word meanings
- CExpertise in one's own profession
- DGeneral knowledge about the world
5.Medium
Baumrind's authoritative parenting style combines:
- ALow warmth with strict rules and very little explanation
- BHigh warmth with high, clearly explained expectations
- CHigh warmth with few rules or demands
- DLow warmth and low involvement
6.Medium
In Vygotsky's theory, an older sibling who helps a child learn to tie shoelaces is acting as:
- AAn imaginary audience
- BA primary attachment figure
- CA more knowledgeable other
- DA formal operational thinker
7.Hard
A teacher plans maths lessons. Which plan fits Vygotsky's view better than Piaget's?
- ATeach only the tasks that pupils can already complete independently, without any help
- BLet pupils discover the rules alone with no adult guidance
- CPair pupils with a more skilled partner and give guided help just beyond their level
- DWait until pupils reach the right stage before teaching the topic
8.Hard
Turiel found that young children say hitting is wrong even if a teacher allows it, but wearing pyjamas to school is fine if the teacher allows it. This suggests children:
- AHave no understanding of rules before age 7
- BJudge all rules only by adult authority
- CThink that clothing rules are more serious than hitting
- DDistinguish moral rules from social conventions early
Answer key
- 1. D · Permissive
- 2. C · Sensorimotor
- 3. B · Find it hard to see things from another person's viewpoint
- 4. A · Speed in solving new, unfamiliar problems
- 5. B · High warmth with high, clearly explained expectations
- 6. C · A more knowledgeable other
- 7. C · Pair pupils with a more skilled partner and give guided help just beyond their level
- 8. D · Distinguish moral rules from social conventions early
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