1.Easy
A teratogen is:
- AAn outside agent that can harm prenatal development
- BA reflex that is present in newborn babies only
- CA hormone released by the placenta to start labour
- DA gene that controls the timing of puberty in teens
2.Easy
A newborn turns its head towards a touch on the cheek and opens its mouth. This is the:
- ABabinski reflex
- BMoro reflex
- CRooting reflex
- DGrasping reflex
3.Easy
Understanding that an action can be mentally undone, such as pouring water back into the first glass, is called:
- AAnimism
- BReversibility
- CEgocentrism
- DCentration
4.Medium
Older adults often prefer spending time with a few close friends rather than meeting new people. Carstensen's socioemotional selectivity theory explains this as:
- AFocusing on emotionally meaningful goals as time feels shorter
- BFear of strangers that grows steadily in later life
- CA decline in crystallised intelligence and memory
- DA gradual loss of social skills that tends to come with increasing age
5.Medium
A 9-month-old finds a toy hidden under cloth A several times. The toy is then hidden under cloth B in full view, but the infant searches under A again. This is:
- AThe A-not-B error
- BAnimism
- CCentration
- DConservation failure
6.Medium
Which statement about the formal operational stage is correct?
- AChildren cannot yet use symbols
- BThinking is limited to concrete objects that are physically in front of them
- CChildren first develop object permanence
- DAdolescents can reason about abstract and hypothetical problems
7.Hard
An irritable, difficult baby tends to receive harsher parenting than a calm baby. This is an example of which gene–environment correlation?
- AEvocative
- BActive (niche-picking)
- CGene–environment independence
- DPassive
8.Hard
A longitudinal design is preferred over a cross-sectional design when a researcher wants to:
- ATrack how the same individuals change over time
- BAvoid any participant drop-out
- CCompare different age groups at a single time point
- DGet results as quickly as possible
Answer key
- 1. A · An outside agent that can harm prenatal development
- 2. C · Rooting reflex
- 3. B · Reversibility
- 4. A · Focusing on emotionally meaningful goals as time feels shorter
- 5. A · The A-not-B error
- 6. D · Adolescents can reason about abstract and hypothetical problems
- 7. A · Evocative
- 8. A · Track how the same individuals change over time
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