1.Easy
According to Erikson, the main conflict of adolescence is:
- AIdentity versus role confusion
- BTrust versus mistrust
- CIntimacy versus isolation
- DIntegrity versus despair
2.Easy
Konrad Lorenz found that goslings followed the first moving object they saw after hatching. This is called:
- AHabituation
- BScaffolding
- CAssimilation
- DImprinting
3.Easy
Noam Chomsky proposed that children have an innate "language acquisition device". This view emphasises:
- AImitation as the only source of grammar
- BBiological readiness to learn language
- CLanguage as a product of formal schooling
- DLearning language only through reinforcement
4.Medium
The Sally–Anne task is used to test whether a child has:
- AObject permanence
- BSecure attachment
- CTheory of mind
- DConservation of number
5.Medium
A girl pays close attention to information about "girls' toys" and quickly forgets details about "boys' toys". Which theory best explains this?
- APsychoanalytic theory
- BAttachment theory
- CGender schema theory
- DEcological systems theory
6.Medium
Baumrind's authoritative parenting style combines:
- ALow warmth and low involvement
- BLow warmth with strict rules and very little explanation
- CHigh warmth with high, clearly explained expectations
- DHigh warmth with few rules or demands
7.Hard
Japanese infants in early Strange Situation studies showed high rates of resistant attachment and very little avoidance. One common explanation is that:
- AJapanese mothers in these samples were usually insensitive towards their infants
- BThey were rarely separated from mothers, so the test was unusually stressful
- CJapanese infants are genetically more anxious than infants elsewhere
- DJapanese fathers did most of the caregiving in these families
8.Hard
In sociometric studies, how do "rejected" children differ from "neglected" children?
- ANeglected children are the most actively disliked in the class
- BRejected children are disliked; neglected ones are rarely named
- CThe two groups get exactly the same pattern of nominations
- DRejected children are named as liked more often than other children
Answer key
- 1. A · Identity versus role confusion
- 2. D · Imprinting
- 3. B · Biological readiness to learn language
- 4. C · Theory of mind
- 5. C · Gender schema theory
- 6. C · High warmth with high, clearly explained expectations
- 7. B · They were rarely separated from mothers, so the test was unusually stressful
- 8. B · Rejected children are disliked; neglected ones are rarely named
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