1.Easy
According to Erikson, the main conflict of infancy is:
- AIndustry versus inferiority
- BAutonomy versus shame and doubt
- CInitiative versus guilt
- DTrust versus mistrust
2.Easy
Object permanence is the understanding that:
- AOther people have different thoughts
- BObjects continue to exist when they cannot be seen
- CObjects can be sorted by size
- DThe amount of liquid stays the same in a different glass
3.Easy
Which researcher used the "Strange Situation" to classify attachment types?
- AHarry Harlow
- BLev Vygotsky
- CErik Erikson
- DMary Ainsworth
4.Medium
A researcher tests 5-, 10- and 15-year-olds now and then retests the same groups every two years. This design is called:
- ACase study
- BLongitudinal only
- CCross-sectional
- DCross-sequential
5.Medium
A parent sets strict rules, expects obedience without discussion and says "Because I said so". This style is:
- AAuthoritative
- BAuthoritarian
- CPermissive
- DUninvolved
6.Medium
Baillargeon found that young infants looked longer at "impossible" events, such as a screen rotating through a box behind it. This suggests infants:
- AKnow hidden objects still exist earlier than Piaget thought
- BPrefer moving screens to objects that stay still
- CHave no memory for events that they cannot see
- DCannot perceive objects at all once they move behind screens
7.Hard
In an adoption study, adopted children's IQ scores correlate more with their biological parents' scores than with their adoptive parents' scores. This suggests:
- AGenetic influence on individual differences in IQ
- BThat adoptive parents give poor care
- CThat the family environment has no effect at all on IQ
- DThat IQ is fixed at birth
8.Hard
Hodges and Tizard followed children raised in institutions until after age 2, some later adopted and some returned to their birth families. At age 16, a common finding across both groups was:
- AComplete failure to form any family attachments
- BNo differences at all from family-reared children
- CExceptionally high academic achievement
- DDifficulties in peer relationships
Answer key
- 1. D · Trust versus mistrust
- 2. B · Objects continue to exist when they cannot be seen
- 3. D · Mary Ainsworth
- 4. D · Cross-sequential
- 5. B · Authoritarian
- 6. A · Know hidden objects still exist earlier than Piaget thought
- 7. A · Genetic influence on individual differences in IQ
- 8. D · Difficulties in peer relationships
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