1.Easy
In Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory, a child's family, school and friends belong to the:
- AMicrosystem
- BMacrosystem
- CMesosystem
- DExosystem
2.Easy
Understanding that an action can be mentally undone, such as pouring water back into the first glass, is called:
- AAnimism
- BReversibility
- CCentration
- DEgocentrism
3.Easy
A toddler says "Daddy go car" and "want milk". This stage of language is called:
- ATelegraphic speech
- BBabbling
- CCooing
- DOverregularisation
4.Medium
Which feature is typical of infant-directed speech ("parentese")?
- ALong sentences with complex grammar
- BFast speech with very few pauses
- CHigher pitch and exaggerated intonation
- DA flat, quiet and monotonous tone
5.Medium
A toddler watches another child have a tantrum and copies it the next day. Piaget saw this deferred imitation as evidence of:
- AMental representation
- BConservation
- CFormal operational thought
- DMoral realism
6.Medium
In Mischel's "marshmallow test", children could eat one treat now or wait to get two. The task measures:
- ADelay of gratification
- BConservation
- CObject permanence
- DAttachment security
7.Hard
Ainsworth's sensitivity hypothesis proposes that secure attachment results mainly from:
- AThe infant's genetic temperament only
- BStrict feeding schedules
- CThe caregiver responding promptly and appropriately to the infant's signals
- DThe amount of time the infant spends with any adult
8.Hard
Adolescents take more risks in a driving game when friends are watching, but adults are less affected. Steinberg explains this mainly by:
- AAdolescents being unable to understand the rules of the driving game
- BReward systems maturing earlier than prefrontal self-control
- CAdults being less aware of risks than adolescents are
- DAdolescents having faster reaction times than adults do
Answer key
- 1. A · Microsystem
- 2. B · Reversibility
- 3. A · Telegraphic speech
- 4. C · Higher pitch and exaggerated intonation
- 5. A · Mental representation
- 6. A · Delay of gratification
- 7. C · The caregiver responding promptly and appropriately to the infant's signals
- 8. B · Reward systems maturing earlier than prefrontal self-control
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