1.Easy
Harlow's monkey experiments showed that infant monkeys preferred:
- AA wire mother with food over a cloth mother without any food
- BA soft cloth mother without food over a wire mother with food
- CBeing alone to having any mother
- DOther infant monkeys only
2.Easy
According to Erikson, the main conflict of adolescence is:
- AIntegrity versus despair
- BIdentity versus role confusion
- CTrust versus mistrust
- DIntimacy versus isolation
3.Easy
Two toddlers play with blocks side by side but do not interact with each other. Parten called this:
- ASolitary play
- BParallel play
- CAssociative play
- DCooperative play
4.Medium
Which ability is most likely to decline from early adulthood onwards?
- AGeneral knowledge about the world
- BSpeed in solving new, unfamiliar problems
- CKnowledge of word meanings
- DExpertise in one's own profession
5.Medium
An infant in the Strange Situation approaches the parent with the head turned away, then freezes. Contradictory behaviour like this indicates which attachment type?
- ADisorganised
- BInsecure-avoidant
- CSecure
- DInsecure-resistant
6.Medium
A 3-year-old hears a new word once, "This is the chromium tray", and later picks out the correct tray. This is called:
- ABabbling
- BTelegraphic speech
- COverextension
- DFast mapping
7.Hard
Cross-sectional studies suggested large declines in intelligence after middle age, but Schaie's longitudinal data showed smaller declines. A main reason for the difference is:
- ALongitudinal studies always use younger samples
- BCohort effects, such as differences in education between generations
- CIntelligence tests do not work with older adults
- DCross-sectional studies follow the same people over a long period of time
8.Hard
In a Bobo doll variation, children who saw a model punished imitated less aggression, but when all children were offered rewards to copy the model, the differences disappeared. This shows:
- AA difference between learning a behaviour and performing it
- BThat aggression is entirely innate
- CThat punishment prevents any learning
- DThat children learn only through direct reinforcement of their own actions
Answer key
- 1. B · A soft cloth mother without food over a wire mother with food
- 2. B · Identity versus role confusion
- 3. B · Parallel play
- 4. B · Speed in solving new, unfamiliar problems
- 5. A · Disorganised
- 6. D · Fast mapping
- 7. B · Cohort effects, such as differences in education between generations
- 8. A · A difference between learning a behaviour and performing it
Full step-by-step solutions: practise this topic on examproblems.com.