1.Easy
In Piaget's theory, which stage comes first?
- ASensorimotor
- BFormal operational
- CPreoperational
- DConcrete operational
2.Easy
According to Erikson, the main conflict of adolescence is:
- ATrust versus mistrust
- BIntegrity versus despair
- CIntimacy versus isolation
- DIdentity versus role confusion
3.Easy
Who introduced the "zone of proximal development"?
- AJohn Bowlby
- BLawrence Kohlberg
- CJean Piaget
- DLev Vygotsky
4.Medium
Scaffolding refers to:
- ASupport given to a learner that is reduced as competence grows
- BBuilding one fixed curriculum that every child must follow in order
- CPunishing errors so they are not repeated
- DLetting children discover everything alone
5.Medium
In Vygotsky's theory, an older sibling who helps a child learn to tie shoelaces is acting as:
- AA more knowledgeable other
- BA primary attachment figure
- CA formal operational thinker
- DAn imaginary audience
6.Medium
A girl pays close attention to information about "girls' toys" and quickly forgets details about "boys' toys". Which theory best explains this?
- AAttachment theory
- BEcological systems theory
- CPsychoanalytic theory
- DGender schema theory
7.Hard
Adolescents take more risks in a driving game when friends are watching, but adults are less affected. Steinberg explains this mainly by:
- AReward systems maturing earlier than prefrontal self-control
- BAdults being less aware of risks than adolescents are
- CAdolescents being unable to understand the rules of the driving game
- DAdolescents having faster reaction times than adults do
8.Hard
In Tronick's "still-face" procedure, a mother suddenly stops responding and keeps a neutral face. Infants typically react by:
- ASmiling and babbling much more than before the change
- BTrying to re-engage her, then becoming upset and looking away
- CTurning to the experimenter instead and staying calm throughout
- DIgnoring the change and carrying on playing as before
Answer key
- 1. A · Sensorimotor
- 2. D · Identity versus role confusion
- 3. D · Lev Vygotsky
- 4. A · Support given to a learner that is reduced as competence grows
- 5. A · A more knowledgeable other
- 6. D · Gender schema theory
- 7. A · Reward systems maturing earlier than prefrontal self-control
- 8. B · Trying to re-engage her, then becoming upset and looking away
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