1.Easy
Which researcher used the "Strange Situation" to classify attachment types?
- AHarry Harlow
- BLev Vygotsky
- CMary Ainsworth
- DErik Erikson
2.Easy
Parents who are warm and affectionate but set few rules or demands show which style?
- AUninvolved
- BAuthoritarian
- CPermissive
- DAuthoritative
3.Easy
According to Erikson, the main challenge of young adulthood is:
- AIdentity versus role confusion
- BIntegrity versus despair
- CIntimacy versus isolation
- DGenerativity versus stagnation
4.Medium
A 9-month-old finds a toy hidden under cloth A several times. The toy is then hidden under cloth B in full view, but the infant searches under A again. This is:
- AAnimism
- BConservation failure
- CThe A-not-B error
- DCentration
5.Medium
In Mischel's "marshmallow test", children could eat one treat now or wait to get two. The task measures:
- ADelay of gratification
- BConservation
- CObject permanence
- DAttachment security
6.Medium
The Sally–Anne task is used to test whether a child has:
- AObject permanence
- BSecure attachment
- CConservation of number
- DTheory of mind
7.Hard
On a visual cliff set to a moderate drop, most infants crossed when their mother smiled but few crossed when she showed fear. This shows:
- AThat infants cannot perceive depth
- BSocial referencing: using a caregiver's emotion to guide behaviour
- CThat infants ignore their caregivers' facial expressions in new situations
- DImprinting on the mother's face
8.Hard
In Vygotsky's theory, private speech in young children is seen as:
- AA tool for guiding their own thinking that later becomes inner speech
- BSpeech mainly intended to communicate information to other people nearby
- CA symptom of a language delay
- DA sign of egocentrism with no function
Answer key
- 1. C · Mary Ainsworth
- 2. C · Permissive
- 3. C · Intimacy versus isolation
- 4. C · The A-not-B error
- 5. A · Delay of gratification
- 6. D · Theory of mind
- 7. B · Social referencing: using a caregiver's emotion to guide behaviour
- 8. A · A tool for guiding their own thinking that later becomes inner speech
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