1.Easy
Which article of the TEU allows a member state to leave the EU?
- AArticle 267
- BArticle 7
- CArticle 48
- DArticle 50
2.Easy
The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU has the same legal value as the Treaties since:
- AThe Treaty of Rome (1957)
- BThe Maastricht Treaty (1993)
- CThe Brexit agreement (2020)
- DThe Treaty of Lisbon (2009)
3.Easy
Regulations, directives and decisions adopted by the EU institutions are known as:
- APrimary law
- BCustomary law
- CSoft law
- DSecondary law
4.Medium
In Foto-Frost (1987), the Court held that national courts:
- ACannot declare an EU act invalid themselves and must refer the question
- BCannot refer validity questions to the Court of Justice
- CMust apply EU acts even if the Court of Justice has already declared them invalid
- DCan freely declare EU acts invalid
5.Medium
The preliminary reference procedure under Article 267 TFEU allows:
- AThe Commission to fine member states
- BIndividuals to bring actions against member states directly before the Court of Justice in Luxembourg
- CNational courts to ask the CJEU questions on the interpretation or validity of EU law
- DThe Parliament to dismiss judges
6.Medium
The ordinary legislative procedure gives equal law-making roles to:
- AThe European Council and the Central Bank
- BThe Commission and the Court of Justice
- CNational parliaments and the Commission
- DThe European Parliament and the Council
7.Hard
In Dorsch Consult (1997), the Court listed factors for deciding whether a body is a "court or tribunal" that may refer under Article 267, including whether it:
- AIs established by law, permanent, independent and applies rules of law
- BHas judges who trained in EU law
- CIs called a court in national law and hears appeals from the lower courts
- DIs a court of last instance
8.Hard
Keck and Mithouard (1993) held that national rules on "selling arrangements" fall outside Article 34 TFEU if they:
- AApply to all traders in the national territory and affect domestic and imported products equally in law and fact
- BAre adopted by local authorities
- CConcern the composition, labelling or packaging of products, even if they apply equally to all traders in the national territory
- DDiscriminate against imported products
Answer key
- 1. D · Article 50
- 2. D · The Treaty of Lisbon (2009)
- 3. D · Secondary law
- 4. A · Cannot declare an EU act invalid themselves and must refer the question
- 5. C · National courts to ask the CJEU questions on the interpretation or validity of EU law
- 6. D · The European Parliament and the Council
- 7. A · Is established by law, permanent, independent and applies rules of law
- 8. A · Apply to all traders in the national territory and affect domestic and imported products equally in law and fact
Full step-by-step solutions: practise this topic on examproblems.com.